Excerpt from The Theaetetus of Plato
Again, (i. 699) Quid nobis certius ipsis Sensibus esse potest, qui vera ac falsa notemus? And elsewhere he says touch is the only true test of corporeal existence, (ii. 434) Tactus enim, tactus, pro divum numina sancta, Corporis est sensus.
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Theaetetus is the inquiry, What is Knowledge? This question might be put, and perhaps in a form more familiar to ourselves, What is Truth? Everyone who has thought at all knows how difficult is the answer. The thinkers of old, bewildered by the differences of opinion that prevailed on all speculative subjects, concluded that nothing was certainly true that did not fall under the cognizance of the senses. Thus: 'I am quite certain that fire is hot, or that this stone is hard, because I feel it so. But I am not sure that God exists, or that this action is right or wrong, because moral and metaphysical questions do not fall within the province of sense. They are only matters of conviction, and people do not agree about them. The existence then of any positive or objective truth residing outside of things phenomenal and independent of opinion, was denied by this school. Plato is constantly cavilling at it; these are 'the giants who can only clutch at sticks and stones'2; those who think nothing is but what 1 "All the old philosophers identified, or at any rate did not distinguish, thinking and sensation or feeling; And that there may be no doubt as to the meaning of, Aristotle (Metaph. iii. 5. 1002. 6. 12. seq.) specifies Parmenides and Empedocles and Anaxagoras and Democritus as philosophers who fell into this error; that is to say, it was shared by all the Pre-Socratic speculators, including even Democritus, who was a somewhat younger contemporary of Socrates" -(Mr. Cope, on Mr. Grote's Criticisms of the Theaetetus, p. 20.) 2 Sophist. p. 246. A, ibid. 247. Forgotten Books is a publisher of historical writings, such as: Philosophy, Classics, Science, Religion, History, Folklore and Mythology.
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