Group of U.S. INTELLIGENCE REPORTS from 1958 [c. 50 typescript or carbons; 1-3 pp. each] [ Iraq Coup d'Etat July 1958 ]

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Edité par U.S. Government, 1958

A propos de cet article

A group of about 50 "Intelligence Reports" from 1958; variously typescript or carbons comprising 1-3 pages each. The subject matter is primarily the Middle East - Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, etc.; with some material on Soviet and European matters. Particular focus at the time was the coup d'etat in Iraq in July 1958. The first report is dated July 15, 1958; the others follow chronologically forward from that. These are in the format of rapid briefings of events as they occured, produced for either diplomatic or military personnel. The coup d etat in Baghdad on July 14, 1958, in which pro-American King Faisal II had been murdered and his government swept away and fears of another coup in Jordan and the ascent of Nasser's Arab Nationalism movement led President Eisenhower to mount the July 1958 Marine landing in Beirut, Lebanon, beginning America s seemingly endless wars in the region. Kim Roosevelt had believed the United States could work with Nasser, leading the U.S. to encourage the British to give up their Suez Canal base. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was reluctant, but was compelled to make the deal and leave Egypt in 1954. By 1958, the American image of Nasser had deteriorated to "evil tool of Moscow. Dulles: "If the Iraq coup succeeds it seems almost inevitable that it will set up a chain reaction that will doom the pro-West governments of Lebanon and Jordan and Saudi Arabia, and raise grave problems for Turkey and Iran." Allen s brother, the secretary of state, chimed in with a long analysis on how the Soviets were behind Nasser and stood to gain control of a block of states from Morocco to Indonesia. The president concluded the meeting by saying that it was clear in his mind "that we must act or get out of the Middle East entirely." At risk was a devastating defeat in the Cold War, even worse than the loss of China to communists a decade earlier. . The White House instructed the Pentagon to send the Marines ashore in Beirut the next day. Operation Blue Bat was the code name. In London, the British government decided to send paratroopers to Amman to help steady the remnant of the Hashemite monarchy still in power there. [Eisenhower's] diplomats and generals on the scene in Beirut found a diplomatic way to avoid conflict and prevent the worst. The nuclear weapons were never shipped from Germany to the Mediterranean. After a period of political negotiations, Chamoun was pressured to stand down as president, and the civil war ended. [Riedel, 2019] Kermit "Kim" Roosevelt, Jr. (1916 - 2000), the grandson of President Theodore Roosevelt, was a career intelligence officer who served in the Office of Strategic Services. He was the mastermind of the Central Intelligence Agency's Operation Ajax, which orchestrated the coup against Iran's democratically-elected Mohammed Mossadegh administration, and returned Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran, to Iran's Peacock Throne in August 1953 for the purpose of returning Western control of Middle Eastern oil supplies. Assigned to Egypt, Roosevelt impressed his colleagues with Project FF, which encouraged the Free Officers Movement to carry out a coup d'état in 1952, and Roosevelt developed close CIA links to the new leader, Gamal Abdel Nasser. In Egypt under Allen Dulles, Kim Roosevelt supervised the CIA's operation to undermine the popular General Neguib and encourage the rise to power of Gamul Abdul Nasser. Even before his decisive victory, Nasser was communicating through Roosevelt to make a settlement with Great Britain. These back channel negotiations eventually produced the treaty signed in October 1954. Hugh Wilford: "[Roosevelt Jr.] had this notion of America forming an alliance with the Arab countries as they emerged from under the sway of Britain and France. He was very concerned with backing Arab nationalists in the region. He saw that as the best way of keeping it within the American orbit, as the Cold War was gathering momentum." The Eisenhower administration, inclu.

N° de réf. du vendeur 45741

Détails bibliographiques

• Titre: Group of U.S. INTELLIGENCE REPORTS from 1958 [c. 50 typescript or carbons; 1-3 pp. each] [ Iraq Coup d'Etat July 1958 ]
• Éditeur: U.S. Government
• Date de parution: 1958
• Reliure: Unbound
• Édition: Original.
• État de l'article: Very Good
• Catalogues du vendeur:
  • Americana and American History
  • Middle East Studies
  • Military History