Clocking the Mind: Mental Chronometry And Individual Differences - Couverture rigide

Jensen, Arthur R.

Couverture rigide

ISBN 10 : 0080449395 ISBN 13 : 9780080449395

Editeur : Elsevier Science Ltd, 2006

Synopsis

Mental Chronometry (MC) comprises a variety of techniques for measuring the speed with which the brain processes information.First developed in mid-1800, MC was subsequently eclipsed by more complex and practically useful types of psychometric tests stemming from Alfred Binet. This class of mental tests, however, has no true metric relating the test scores to any specific properties of the brain per se. The scores merely represent an ordinal scale, only ranking individuals according to their overall performance on a variety of complex mental tasks. The resulting scores represent no more than ranks rather than being a true metrical scale of any specific dimension of brain function. Such an ordinal scale, which merely ranks individuals in some defined population, possesses no true scale properties, possessing neither a true zero or equal intervals throughout the scale. This deficiency obstructs the development of a true natural science of mental ability. The present burgeoning interest in understanding individual differences in mental abilities in terms of the natural sciences, biology and the brain sciences in particular, demands direct measures that functionally link brain and behavior. One such natural ratio scale is time itself - the time it takes the brain to perform some elementary cognitive task, measured in milliseconds. After more than 25 years researching MC, Jensen here presents results on an absolute scale showing times for intake of visual and auditory information, for accessing short-term and long-term memory, and other cognitive skills, as a function of age, at yearly intervals from 3 to 80 years. The possible uses of MC in neurological diagnosis and the monitoring of drug effects on cognition, the chronometric study of special time-sensitive talents such as musical performance, and presents a theory of general intelligence, or g, as a function of the rate of oscillation of neural action potentials as measured by chronometric methods. Finally, Jensen urges the world-wide standardization of chronometric methods as necessary for advancing MC as a crucial branch of biopsychological science.

A propos du livre

Revue de presse

"Jensen's writing is clear and concise, and every chapter is densely packed with information. The historical treatment of chronometry is perhaps most enjoyable, filled with personal anecdotes and unique insight into the politics of 20th century psychology and psychometrics." --Chris Chatham, Developing Intelligence

Détails de l'édition

• Éditeur: Elsevier Science Ltd
• Date d'édition: 2006
• Langue: anglais
• ISBN 10: 0080449395
• ISBN 13: 9780080449395
• Reliure: Relié
• Numéro d'édition: 1
• Nombre de pages: 286
• Coordonnées du fabricant: non disponible
• Personne responsable: Barbara Criscuolo; b.criscuolo@lswr.it; ; Via Spadolini, 7; Milano; 20141; Italie