The "Fronde" was a long period of instability, violence and war that swept France between the years 1648-52 when Mazarin's unpopularity and high taxes marked the outbreak of revolution. The state administrators became lawbreakers as the treasurers declined tax payments, bringing the administrative machinery to a near-halt. The judges of Paris refused to hear cases and it became a contest of wills between the ministry and the crown. After this occurred in Paris, the protest of merchants, artisans and peasants was soon to follow. This is the story of that revolution, of the events and personalities that constituted the "Fronde".
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Hardcover. Etat : Very Good. [Association copy, inscribed by Orest Ranum to noted scholars Owen and Caroline Hannaway.] Hardcover and dust jacket. Good binding and cover. Edge wear. Clean, unmarked pages. *Autographed by author.* From the library Dr. Owen Hannaway. Hannaway was director of the Center for the History and Philosophy of Science at Johns Hopkins University. He authored numerous books and served as an editor of academic magazines in the history of science. Partial list of publications: Chemists and the Word: The Didactic Origins of Chemistry (1975); Observation, Experiment, and Hypothesis in Modern Physical Science (1985); The Evolution of Technology (1989); Science and the Practice of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century (1994); and The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages: Their Religious, Institutional and Intellectual Contexts (1996). Caroline Hannaway was a historian of medicine with close ties to the Johns Hopkins Departments of History of Medicine and History of Science and Technology. Signed. N° de réf. du vendeur 2503110014
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hardcover. Etat : Very Good in Dustjacket. Etat de la jaquette : Very Good. First Edition. New York. 1993. Norton. 1st American Edition. Very Good in Dustjacket. 0393035506. 386 pages. hardcover. Jacket design by Irving Freeman. Jacket illustration courtesy of Bibliothéque Nationale, Paris. keywords: France History Revolution. DESCRIPTION - Boys breaking windows with slingshots? So childish a prank could scarcely be the spark that ignited a rebellion that would persist for five years. Yet the window-breaking occurred in an uneasy Paris in 1648; the shattered glass was in the carriage house and stables of Cardinal Mazarin, the imperious councillor to the queen regent, mother of the future Sun King, Louis X IV. Here was an act of outright defiance, symbolic of a period of instability, violence, treachery, and war that came to be known as the Fronde. At first, the Fronde was a revolution without bloodshed. It began as a work stoppage by key tax officials in the provinces who refused to carry out their duties when confronted by truculent peasants and propertied villagers financially strapped by crop failures and rising assessments. From the countryside, this passive resistance spread to Paris, where the judges of the principal law court stopped hearing cases and decided to act instead as a deliberative body, implicitly challenging the Council of State for the right to rule France. Unrest soon turned to turbulence and sporadic acts of lawlessness. An aristocratic hunting party could end in the nobles inciting peasants to join them in armed attacks on royal troops. But it was in Paris that conflict became the order of the day. Royal decrees thundered across the Seine from the Palais Royal, ordering the judges to return to their duties - evidence that law enforcement had broken down, that the state structure was tottering and threatened with collapse. How the Fronde became an intense revolutionary force in Paris and leapfrogged to Provence, Bordeaux on the Atlantic coast, and other cities far from the capital is brilliantly recounted here by Orest Ranum. In Paris, the pressure forced the young king and the queen regent to withdraw to the outskirts of the city. With the king's departure, the Parlement organized a militia to defend the insurgents against the military loyal to the monarchy that ringed the city. Blockaded, and facing growing food shortages and possible military attack, the Parisians slowly yielded to superior force. But as order returned to Paris, a military showdown began in Bordeaux, where the Frondeurs mounted their own challenge to authority, a challenge made more ominous by the threat of an invasion by the Spanish fleet. Gradually, the monarchy gained the upper hand, and the Fronde ended almost as quietly as it began. France would never be the same. The rise of a standing army of trained troops, unquestionably loyal to the king, altered the terms between the people and their state. The monarchy had been strengthened. It would remain so for a century and a half, when a greater revolution would bring it down. The Fronde is history at its most readable: a stunning set of figures - Cardinal Mazarin, Queen Anne of Austria, the young Louis X IV, ambitious nobles - woven into a rich fabric of events that until now have not been widely known. 'An absorbing study of an extraordinary episode in French history.' - Publishers Weekly. inventory #24477. N° de réf. du vendeur z24477
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