Articles liés à Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific...
Synopsis
The way in which knowledge progresses, and especially our scientific knowledge, is by unjustified (and unjustifiable) anticipations, by guesses, by tentative solutions to our problems, by conjectures. These conjectures are controlled by criticism: that is, by attempted refutations, which include severely critical tests. They may survive these tests; but they can never be positively justified: they can neither be established as certainly true nor even as 'probable' (in the sense of the probability calculus). Criticism of our conjectures is of decisive importance: by bringing out our mistakes it makes us understand the difficulties of the problems which we try to solve. This is how we become better acquainted with our problem, and able to propose more mature solutions: the very refutation of a theory - that is, of a tentative solution to our problem - is always a step forward that takes us nearer the truth. And this is how we can learn from our mistakes. As we learn from our mistakes our knowledge grows, even though we may never know - that is, know for certain. Since our knowledge can grow, there can be no reason here for despair of reason. And since we can never know for certain, the can be no authority here for any claim to authority, for conceit over our knowledge, or for smugness.
The essays and lectures of which this book is composed apply this thesis to many topics, ranging from problems of the philosophy and history of the physical and social sciences to historical and political problems.
Les informations fournies dans la section « Synopsis » peuvent faire référence à une autre édition de ce titre.
Présentation de l'éditeur
The way in which knowledge progresses, and especially our scientific knowledge, is by unjustified (and unjustifiable) anticipations, by guesses, by tentative solutions to our problems, by conjectures. These conjectures are controlled by criticism: that is, by attempted refutations, which include severely critical tests. They may survive these tests; but they can never be positively justified: they can neither be established as certainly true nor even as 'probable' (in the sense of the probability calculus). Criticism of our conjectures is of decisive importance: by bringing out our mistakes it makes us understand the difficulties of the problems which we try to solve. This is how we become better acquainted with our problem, and able to propose more mature solutions: the very refutation of a theory - that is, of a tentative solution to our problem - is always a step forward that takes us nearer the truth. And this is how we can learn from our mistakes. As we learn from our mistakes our knowledge grows, even though we may never know - that is, know for certain. Since our knowledge can grow, there can be no reason here for despair of reason. And since we can never know for certain, the can be no authority here for any claim to authority, for conceit over our knowledge, or for smugness.
The essays and lectures of which this book is composed apply this thesis to many topics, ranging from problems of the philosophy and history of the physical and social sciences to historical and political problems.
Biographie de l'auteur
Karl Popper (1902-1994). Philosopher, born in Vienna. One of the most influential and controversial thinkers of the twentieth century.
Les informations fournies dans la section « A propos du livre » peuvent faire référence à une autre édition de ce titre.
Acheter neuf
Afficher cet article
EUR 62,72
EUR 25,56 expédition depuis Etats-Unis vers France
Destinations, frais et délaisAutres éditions populaires du même titre
Résultats de recherche pour Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific...
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations : The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
Edité par
Taylor & Francis Group, 1969
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Better World Books Ltd, Dunfermline, Royaume-Uni
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Etat : Good. Ships from the UK. Former library book; may include library markings. Used book that is in clean, average condition without any missing pages. N° de réf. du vendeur GRP61390918
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Revised and Corrected Edn)
Edité par
Routledge, 1989
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Anybook.com, Lincoln, Royaume-Uni
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Etat : Poor. This is an ex-library book and may have the usual library/used-book markings inside.This book has soft covers. Book contains pen markings. In poor condition, suitable as a reading copy. Please note the Image in this listing is a stock photo and may not match the covers of the actual item,800grams, ISBN:9780415043182. N° de réf. du vendeur 4317225
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Revised and Corrected Edn)
Edité par
Routledge, 1995
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Anybook.com, Lincoln, Royaume-Uni
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Etat : Poor. This is an ex-library book and may have the usual library/used-book markings inside.This book has soft covers. Book contains pen, pencil & highlighter markings. In poor condition, suitable as a reading copy. Please note the Image in this listing is a stock photo and may not match the covers of the actual item,800grams, ISBN:9780415043182. N° de réf. du vendeur 4317226
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Revised and Corrected Edn)
Edité par
Routledge, 1995
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Anybook.com, Lincoln, Royaume-Uni
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Etat : Poor. This is an ex-library book and may have the usual library/used-book markings inside.This book has soft covers. Book contains pen & pencil markings. In poor condition, suitable as a reading copy. Please note the Image in this listing is a stock photo and may not match the covers of the actual item,800grams, ISBN:9780415043182. N° de réf. du vendeur 4317227
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations : The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
Edité par
Taylor & Francis Group, 1969
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Better World Books, Mishawaka, IN, Etats-Unis
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Etat : Good. Used book that is in clean, average condition without any missing pages. N° de réf. du vendeur 5444522-75
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations : The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
Edité par
Routledge, UK, 1969
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Soft cover
Vendeur : Anytime Books, London, Royaume-Uni
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Soft cover. Etat : Very Good. Third revised ed. pp.xiii.431. N° de réf. du vendeur 006176
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image fournie par le vendeur
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Routledge Classics) (Volume 17)
Edité par
Routledge, London, UK, 1992
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Paper Back
Vendeur : Goulds Book Arcade, Sydney, Newtown, Sydney, NSW, Australie
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Paper Back. Etat : Very Good. 431 pages. The cover is a little worn and creased. Books listed here are not stored at the shop. Please contact us if you want to pick up a book from Newtown. Size: Size F: 8"-9" Tall (203-228mm). N° de réf. du vendeur 153198
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Routledge Classics) (Volume 17)
Edité par
Routledge, 1992
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Paperback
Vendeur : Sequitur Books, Boonsboro, MD, Etats-Unis
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Paperback. Etat : Good. Softcover. Shelf wear. Binding cocked. Moderate creasing. Scattered highlighting and markings. N° de réf. du vendeur 2108110151
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conhjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
Edité par
Routledge, 2000
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Couverture souple
Vendeur : Windows Booksellers, Eugene, OR, Etats-Unis
Évaluation du vendeur 5 sur 5 étoiles
Paperback. Handsome copy 431 pp. N° de réf. du vendeur 735915
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)
Image d'archives
Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Routledge Classics) (Volume 17)
Edité par
Routledge, 1992
ISBN 10 : 0415043182
ISBN 13 : 9780415043182
Ancien ou d'occasion
Soft cover
Vendeur : bmyguest books, Toronto, ON, Canada
Évaluation du vendeur 4 sur 5 étoiles
Soft cover. Etat : Very Good. 5th Edition. 431 Pages With The Index, In Very Good Condition With No Remarks Or Highlights. Paperback. 5Th Edition. Soft Cover.books are NOT signed. We will state signed at the description section. we confirm they are signed via email or stated in the description box. - Specializing in academic, collectiblle and historically significant, providing the utmost quality and customer service satisfaction. For any questions feel free to email us. N° de réf. du vendeur X17124x
Quantité disponible : 1 disponible(s)