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The origin of species, the way in which evolution has taken place and is still progressing, seems, even now, to remain an open question. So much so, that three absolutely diverse theories of evolution still find their adherents. These three main theories are so different, that it would seem as if the real nature of the process of species-formation must for ever remain a subject for speculation only, and as if good facts are wholly wanting. A minority of Biologists adhere to Lamarck stheory of the inheritance of adaptative changes induced by the environment ;some incline to the view of Darwin and Weismann, that natural selection on small, individual variations gradually changes species, and still others believe with de Vries, that new species spring into being spontaneously, by mutation, saltation. Judging from this diversity of opinion, it would certainly seem as if no important headway had been made since Darwin. This is very surprising, when we see how in the last fifteen years Genetics has become established as an actively developing branch of science, and counts by hundreds the Biologists who are engaged in genetical experimental investigations. All the data thus acquired, should have their significance for an insight into the process of evolution, the origin of species. This reluctance on the part of Biologists in general, and of Geneticists specially, to make an attempt to correlate the facts so far obtained, and to find out whether they shed any new light on the problem how new species may originate, is caused mainly, we hope, by the very diversity of the three above-named evolution-theories.
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)
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