No subject in chemistry has received more attentioiii especially during the last quarter of a century, than that of solution. This is due primarily to the fundamental significance of solution for chemical science. Solutions in the broad sense of the term are fundamental not only for chemistry, but for geology and the various branches of biology. Matter in the pure, homogeneous condition is relatively inert. It becomes active when mixed in a certain way with other matter in the same or in a different state of aggregation when dissolved. Since solution is so fundamental for the natural sciences in general, and for chemistry in particular, we must know what solutions are, if we would ever make these various branches of science exact. Since chemistry has to do largely with the science of solution, it can become an exact science only by the science of solution becoming exact. We must first know what is the real condition of matter in solution. What laws does it obey? Is the dissolved substance combined with the solvent, and if so with how much of it? As we shall see, many of these questions have now been answered and the relations between solutions and gases accurately established. This is of the greatest impor tance. We really know something about matter in the gaseous state, and we can now apply this knowledge to matter in the dissolved condition; and this has done Omore than any other one discovery to place the science of solution upon an exact basis.
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)
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