Articles liés à The Harvard Classics Volume 1
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Présentation de l'éditeur
Benjamin Franklin was horn in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6J anuary 17, new style), 1706. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son. His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to hi- brother James, a printer, who published the New England Cour ant. To this journal he became a contributor, and later was for a time its nominal editor. But the brothers quarreled, and Benjamin ran away, going first to New York, and thence to Philadelphia, where he arrived in October, 1723. He soon obtained work as a printer, but after a few months he zvas induced by Governor Keith to go to London, where, finding Keith spromises empty, he again worked as a compositor till he was brought back to Philadelphia by a merchant named Denman, who gave him a position in his business. On Denman sdeath he returned to his former trade, and shortly set up a printing house of his own from which he published The Pennsylvania Gazette, to which he contributed many essays, and which he made a medium for agitating a variety of local reforms. In 1732 he began to issue his famous Poor Richard s Almanac for the enrichment of which he borrowed or composed those pithy utterances of worldly wisdom which are the basis of a large part of his popular reputation. In 1758, the year in which he ceased writing for the A lm,anac, he printed in it Father A brahams Sermon, now regarded as the most famous piece of literature produced in Colonial A merica. Meantime Franklin was concerning himself more and more with public affairs. He set forth a scheme for an A cademy, which was taken up later and finally developed into the University of Pennsylvania; and he founded an American Philosophical Society for the purpose of enabling scientific men to communicate their discoveries to one another. He himself ha
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)
Présentation de l'éditeur
The naimt Confucius is the latiniged form of the Chinese characters, Kung Fo Otsze, meaning The master, Kung The hearer of this name was born of an ancient and distinguished family in the district of Tsow, in the present province of Shentung, China, B, C. 551. His father was a soldier of reputation and governor of Tsow, but not a man of wealth. Confucius married at nineteen, and in his early manhood held a minor office; but within a few years he became a public teacher, atid soon attracted numerous disciples. Rising in reputation, he was invited to the court of Chow, where he investigated the traditional ceremonies and maxims of the ruling dynasty; and in the following year visited another state where he studied the ancient music. When he was nearly fifty, in the year $00 B. Che again took office, becoming in turn chief magistrate of the town of Chung-ioo, A ssistant-S uperintendent of Works to the Ruler of Loo, and finally Minister of Crime, In spite of almost miraculous efficiency, he lost the support of his ruler in 496 B, C; and until his death in 478 B, C, he wandered from state to state, sometimes well-treated, sometimes enduring severe hardships, always saddened by the refusal of the turbulent potentates to be guided by his beneficent counsels. No sooner was he dead, however, than his wisdom was recognised by peasant and emperor alike; admiration rose to veneration, veneration to worship. Sacrifices were offered to him, temples built in his honor, and a cult established which has lasted almost two thousand years. Confucius did not regard himself as an innovator, but as the conservator of ancient truth and ceremonial propriety. He dealt with neither theology nor metaphysics, but with moral and political conduct. The Lun Yu, Analects or Sayings of Confucius, were probably compiled, says Legge, by the disciples of the disciples of the sage, making free u
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)
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