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Branch: Internal Anatomy of Trichoptera 257 and fuses with the nerve which extends posteriorly from the ganglion situated at union of the nerves from the posterior protuberances of the supra-cesophageal ganglia and the sympathetic ganglia of each side. From the ventral face of the supra-cesophageal ganglia, arises a pair of connectives, the crura cerebri, which connect the supra-cesophageal ganglia with the sub-cesophageal ganglion. Immediately in front of the union of the crura cerebri with the supra-cesophageal ganglia, the cesophageal ring of the tritocerebrum arises. This is a loop wrhich encircles the oesophagus and has its ends connected with the supra-cesophageal ganglia, see Plate XIV, Fig. 5at or. The supra-cesophageal ganglia does not fit closely upon the oesophagus normally, but leaves some space laterally and ventrally for the expansion of the tube in feeding. Faivre 1857, states that the supra-cesophageal ganglia possess the seat of motive power and will power and Binet, 1894, strengthens this statement by the results of his own experiments which show that an insect will live for months with the supracesophageal ganglia removed but will not eat unless the food is placed in its mouth as it has no power to move toward the food. The sub-cesophageal ganglion is situated slightly back of the posterior margin of the supra-oesophageal and below the oesophagus but well within the limits of the head cavity. This ganglion gives off three pairs of nerves, the most ectal and dorsal of which extends in a forward and upward direction and, upon a level with and in front of the frontal ganglion, branches. One branch extends to the base of the labrum, see Plate XIV, Figs. 5and 6at I b2, while a second branch extends to the dorsal side of the mandible, see Plate XIV, Figs. 5and 6at md2. The second pair of nerves from the sub-cesophageal ganglion arises ventrad of
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