Articles liés à Physical Review, Volume 4
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Vol. IV. ployed, on account of the difficulty of ottaining sufficient freedom from the condensation of moisture upon the mirrors during the passage from low to high temperatures. The only thing which could be done under these circumstances was to measure the difference in length by means of a microscope attached to a plate upon which the steel bar was mounted, the graduated scale employed being disconnected from this plate. This experiment confirmed our previous impression that all observations of this character must be made in vacuo. It was therefore found necessary to reconstruct the refractometer. Profiting by the experience already gained, several modifications were made in the construction of the new apparatus. The bars compared were mounted in boxes of rolled brass. It was supposed that the air would be unable to enter the boxes through the pores of this metal. It was found, however, impossible to maintain a vacuum during the time required for a complete observation. After a fruitless trial of fourteen months it was decided to commence de novo. The two brass boxes and the box for receiving the diagonal mirrors were cast in one piece, which weighed about 500 lbs. Every part of this casting was then covered on the outside with solder to the depth of one-eighth of an inch. The work was done with the ordinary soldering iron. The magnitude of this undertaking may be inferred when it is stated that the boxes with their connections are nearly 60 inches in length and 6ys6 inches in cross-section. One hundred and fifty pounds of solder were required for this purpose. The construction of this refractometer was completed in 1894. Several months were occupied in testing the apparatus in every possible way. Early in June, 1895, I wrote to Professor Morley that, as far as I could see, everything was ready for the final trial. He therefore came to Waterville early in
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