Synopsis
1. Evolution of the Surgical Management of Rectal Cancer.- Perineal Approach.- Transanal Excision.- Transsacral Resection.- Abdominosacral Resection.- Abdominoperineal Resection.- Abdominoanal Approach.- Anterior Resection.- The Present.- References.- 2. Pathology and Staging.- Resection Specimen.- Total Mesorectal Excision.- Histological Features of Rectal Cancer and Their Prognostic Significance.- Histological Type.- Tumour Differentiation.- Invasive Growth Pattern and Peritumoral.- Lymphocytic Infiltration.- Completeness of Excision.- Serosal Involvement.- Lymph Node Metastases.- Extramural Vascular Invasion.- Surgical Resection Margins and Local Recurrence.- Local Recurrence.- Longitudinal Resection Margin.- Circumferential Resection Margin.- Staging of Rectal Cancer.- Staging Systems Currently in Existence.- Dukes' Staging.- TNM Staging System.- Dukes' Staging Versus TNM.- Role of Pathology in Assessing the Quality of Rectal Cancer Surgery.- Quality of Preoperative Imaging and Pathology Reporting, and the Use of Reporting Proformas.- Conclusions.- References.- 3. Genetics, Screening and Chemoprevention.- Genetics.- Tumor Suppressor Genes.- MMR Genes.- Oncogenes.- Screening.- Average Risk.- Moderate Risk.- Increased Risk.- Chemoprevention.- NSAIDs.- Calcium.- Antioxidant Vitamins.- Circumin.- Perillyl Alcohol.- Oltipraz.- Selenium.- References.- 4. The Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis and Staging of Primary and Recurrent Rectal Cancer.- Diagnostic Imaging in the Staging of Primary Rectal Cancer.- Clinical Evaluation.- Contrast Examinations.- Endorectal Ultrasound.- Computed Tomography.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- Positron Emission Tomography.- Radioimmunoscintigraphy.- Diagnostic Imaging in the Diagnosis and Staging of Recurrent Rectal Cancer.- Ultrasound Techniques.- Computed Tomography.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- Positron Emission Tomography and Immunoscintigraphy.- Conclusions.- References.- 5. Neo-adjuvant Therapy.- Preoperative Therapy.- Rationale.- Predictors of Response to Preoperative Therapy.- Results of Preoperative Therapy.- Intensive Short Course Preoperative Radiation.- Sphincter Preservation with Preoperative Radiation.- Is Adjuvant Therapy Necessary in Patients Undergoing a Total Mesorectal Resection?.- Investigational Approaches.- Altered Radiation Fractionation Schemes.- New Chemotherapeutic Agents.- Summary.- References.- 6. Restorative Procedures.- Relevant Anatomy of the Rectum and Perirectal Tissues.- Surgical Options in Restorative Procedures.- Preoperative Evaluation and Patient Preparation.- Oncologic Principles in Rectal Surgery.- Extent of Resection.- Radial Margin and Complete Mesorectal Resection.- Final Preparations for Restorative Procedures.- Technical Details.- Proctosigmoidectomy.- Low Anterior Resection.- Special Consideration: Coloanal Anastomosis.- Special Consideration: Colonic Reservoir (J-Pouch).- Outcome After Low Anterior Resection Versus Abdominoperineal resection.- Laparoscopic Rectal Cancer Surgery.- Conclusions.- References.- 7. Abdominoperineal Resection.- Selection Factors for Abdominoperineal Resection.- Tumor-Related Factors.- Patient Factors.- Intraoperative Considerations.- Preoperative Preparation.- Operative Technique.- Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications.- Bleeding.- Unhealed Perineal Wound.- Inadvertent Perforation of the Rectum.- Perineal Hernia.- Urogenital Complications.- Urethral Injury.- Colostomy Complications.- Other complaints.- Concluding Remarks.- References.- 8. Total Mesorectal Excision with Autonomic Nerve Preservation: "Optimized Surgery".- Rationale of Total Mesorectal Excision and its Relationship to the Anatomy of Spread of Rectal Cancer.- Technique of Total Mesorectal Excision with Autonomic Nerve Preservation.- Outcome of Total Mesorectal Excision.- Morbidity of Total Mesorectal Excision.- Sexual and Urinary Function After Total Mesorectal Excision.- Extended Lateral Lymphadenectomy.- Role of the Colonic J-Pouch.- Role of Total Meso
Les informations fournies dans la section « Synopsis » peuvent faire référence à une autre édition de ce titre.
