Synopsis
1 Basic Concepts.- 1.1 Industrial Vision Systems.- 1.1.1 Justification.- 1.1.2 Limitations of Present Systems.- 1.1.3 Flexible Manufacturing Systems.- 1.1.4 Process Control.- 1.2 Systems Engineering.- 1.2.1 Importance of Context.- 1.2.2 Industrial Examples.- 1.3 Intelligent Vision.- 1.3.1 Heuristics and Algorithms.- 1.3.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Languages.- 1.4 Book Outline.- 2 Basic Machine Vision Techniques.- 2.1 Representations of Images.- 2.2 Elementary Image Processing Functions.- 2.2.1 Monadic, Point-by-point Operators.- 2.2.2 Dyadic, Point-by-point Operators.- 2.2.3 Local Operators.- 2.2.4 Linear Local Operators.- 2.2.5 Non-linear Local Operators.- 2.2.6 N-tuple Operators.- 2.2.7 Edge Effects.- 2.2.8 Intensity Histogram.- 2.3 Binary Images.- 2.3.1 Measurements on Binary Images.- 2.3.2 Shape Descriptors.- 2.4 Binary Mathematical Morphology.- 2.4.1 Opening and Closing Operations.- 2.4.2 Structuring Element Decomposition.- 2.5 Grey Scale Morphology.- 2.6 Global Image Transforms.- 2.6.1 Hough Transform.- 2.6.2 Two-dimensional Discrete Fourier Transform.- 2.7 Texture Analysis.- 2.7.1 Statistical Approaches.- 2.7.2 Co-occurrence Matrix Approach.- 2.7.3 Structural Approaches.- 2.7.4 Morphological Texture Analysis.- 2.8 Implementation Considerations.- 2.8.1 Morphological System Implementation.- 2.9 Commercial Devices.- 2.9.1 Plug-in Boards: Frame-stores.- 2.9.2 Plug-in Boards: Dedicated Function.- 2.9.3 Self-contained Systems.- 2.9.4 Turn-key Systems.- 2.9.5 Software.- 2.10 Further Remarks.- 3 Intelligent Image Processing.- 3.1 Interactive Image Processing.- 3.1.1 Modus Operandi.- 3.1.2 Prototyping Inspection Systems.- 3.1.3 Building Simple Programs.- 3.1.4 Interaction and Prolog.- 3.2 Introducing PrologH-.- 3.3 Review of Prolog.- 3.3.1 Sample Program.- 3.3.2 Sample Queries.- 3.4 The Nature of Prolog+.- 3.5 Prolog+Programs.- 3.5.1 Recognising Bakewell Tarts.- 3.5.2 Recognising Printed Letters.- 3.5.3 Identifying Table Cutlery.- 3.5.4 Analysing all Visible Objects.- 3.5.5 Recognising a Table Place Setting.- 3.6 Abstract Concepts in Prolog+.- 3.6.1 Describing a Simple Package.- 3.6.2 Abstract Spatial Relationships.- 3.6.3 Geometric Figures.- 3.7 Implementation of Prolog+.- 3.7.1 The # Operator.- 3.8 Comments.- 4 Enhanced Intelligent Systems.- 4.1 Prolog+ Environment: A Tool-box for Machine Vision.- 4.1.1 Defining New Predicate Names.- 4.1.2 Default Values for Arguments.- 4.1.3 Useful Operators.- 4.1.4 Program Library.- 4.1.5 Auto-start.- 4.1.6 Interactive Mode.- 4.1.7 User Extendible Pull-down Menus.- Mechanism for Extending Menus.- 4.1.8 Command Keys.- 4.1.9 Graphical Display of a Robot Work Cell.- 4.1.10 Speech Synthesis and Recorded Speech.- 4.1.11 On-line HELP.- 4.1.12 Cursor.- 4.1.13 Automatic Script Generation and Optimisation.- 4.1.14 Linking to Other Programs.- HyperCard Controller for a Flexible Inspection Cell.- 4.2 Understanding Simple Spoken Instructions.- 4.2.1 Speech Recognition.- 4.2.2 Natural Language Understanding.- 4.2.3 Automatically Building a Pull-down Menu.- 4.2.4 Understanding NL Commands for an (X, Y, &3x03D6;)-table.- 4.2.5 Sample Sentences.- 4.2.6 Interpreting the Parser Output.- 4.2.7 Review.- 4.3 Aids for Designing Vision Systems.- 4.3.1 Lighting Advisor.- Stack Structure.- Search Mechanisms.- Remarks About the Lighting Advisor.- 4.3.2 Other Design Aids for Machine Vision.- 4.4 Multi-camera Systems.- 4.4.1 Multiplexed-video Systems.- 4.4.2 Networked Vision Systems.- 4.4.3 Master-Slave System Organisation.- 4.4.4 Remote Queries.- Interactive Operation of the Remote Process.- 4.4.5 Blackboard.- Master and Slave Program Elements.- 4.4.6 Controlling the Master-Slave System.- Starting the System.- Stopping a Slave.- Passing a Message to the Slave.- Receiving Data from a Slave.- Slave Program.- Blackboard (Snapshot of Database, Changing Constantly).- 4.4.7 Crash Recovery.- Programming the Slave from the Master.- 4.5 Comments.- 5 Controlling External Devices.- 5.1 Devices and Signals.- 5.2 Protocols and
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