Patho-Epigenetics of Disease - Couverture rigide

Couverture rigide

ISBN 10 : 1461433444 ISBN 13 : 9781461433446

Editeur : Springer-Verlag New York Inc., 2012

Synopsis

In multicellular organisms the establishment, maintenance, and programmed alterations of cell-type specific gene expression patterns are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, epigenetic alterations (DNA methylation, DNA associated Polycomb-Trithorax protein complexes, histone modifications) ensure the unique transcriptional activity and phenotypic diversity of diploid cells that carry identical or nearly identical DNA sequences.

Because DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1) associates with replication foci during S phase and prefers hemimethylated DNA as a substrate, DNMT1 ensures the clonal propagation of cytosine methylation patterns (maintenance methylation). Thus, DNA methylation may provide a memory function by helping progeny cells to "remember" their proper cellular identity.

An alternative system of epigenetic memory, the Polycomb and Trithorax groups of protein complexes, that may operate both independently from and in concert with DNA methylation, ensures the heritable regulation of gene expression via modification of histone tails.

The complex interplay of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms permits both the dynamic modulation of gene expression and the faithful transmission of gene expression patterns to each progeny cell upon division. These carefully orchestrated processes can go wrong, however, resulting in epigenetic reprogramming of the cells that may manifest in pathological changes, as it was first realized during the studies of epigenetic alterations in malignant tumors. By now it became a well established fact that not only genetic changes, but also the disruption of epigenetic regulation can result in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Scientists working in other fields soon followed the pioneering work of cancer researchers, and revealed that epigenetic dysregulation forms the basis of a wide spectrum of humandiseases.

A propos du livre

Présentation de l'éditeur

This book describes the complex interplay of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, and shows how these carefully orchestrated processes can go wrong, resulting in epigenetic reprogramming of the cells that may manifest in pathological changes.

Détails de l'édition

• Éditeur: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
• Date d'édition: 2012
• Langue: anglais
• ISBN 10: 1461433444
• ISBN 13: 9781461433446
• Reliure: Relié
• Nombre de pages: 480
• Éditeur: Minarovits Janos, Niller Hans Helmut
• Coordonnées du fabricant: Springer-Verlag GmbH; customerservice@springernature.com; ; Tiergartenstraße 17; Heidelberg; Baden-Württemberg; 69121; Allemagne