Policy Networks Under Pressure: Pollution Control, Policy Reform and the Power of Farmers - Couverture rigide
Synopsis
Most Western states became involved in agriculture in the 1930s when the depression threatened farmers' livelihoods. Food importing countries developed policies restricting imports to safeguard their farmers, and food exporting countries responded by adopting agricultural policies which were to ensure the survival of their agricultural industries. Since then, Western states have continuously intervened in agriculture. In most countries policy making took place in closed arenas and was controlled by farmers and state agricultural authorities. Political developments of the 1980s and 1990s have forced agricultural policy makers to handle old problems in a new way and to deal with new policy issues. This is an examination of how established policy networks, and the broader context within which they are embedded, influence the choice of policy when change has been put on the agenda. It criticizes the existing network literature for being predominately descriptive, for having little to say on the choice of policy and for omitting the analysis of the broader political structures which have consequences for meso-level policy making. In order to reinforce the explanatory power of policy network analysis, the book develops both a meso and a macro-level theoretical model. This helps to explain why policy change is more radical in some settings than in others. The theoretical arguments are tested by the use of detailed comparisons of agri-environmental policy making in Denmark and Sweden and of agricultural policy reforms in the European Union and Sweden.
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