Mercury in the Biogeochemical Cycle: Natural Environments and Hydroelectric Reservoirs of Northern Québec (Canada) - Couverture souple
Livre 43 sur 127: Environmental Science and Engineering
Synopsis
Résumé et synthèse (French summary).- 1 Introduction.- 1.1 The Mercury Issue in Northern Québec.- 1.2 Geographic Setting.- 1.2.1 Drainage Basin and Relief.- 1.2.2 Climate and Hydrology.- 1.2.3 Vegetation and Wildlife.- 1.2.4 Water Quality and Fish.- 1.2.5 Human Settlements.- 1.3 Hydroelectric Developments.- 1.3.1 Reservoirs.- 1.3.2 Other Modified Environments.- 1.4 Evolution of the Biophysical Environment.- 1.4.1 Water Quality.- 1.4.2 Plankton and Benthos.- 1.4.3 Fish.- 1.5 Contents and Rationale.- 2 Analysis of Total Mercury and Methylmercury in Environmental Samples.- Abstract.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Total Mercury Measurements.- 2.2.1 Total Mercury by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.- 2.2.1.1 Organisms and Sediment Samples.- 2.2.1.2 Water Samples.- 2.2.2 Total Mercury by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrophotometry.- 2.2.2.1 Organisms and Sediment Samples.- 2.2.2.2 Water Samples.- 2.3 Methylmercury Measurements.- 2.3.1 Organisms and Sediment Samples.- 2.3.2 Water Samples.- 2.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- Mercury and Methylmercury in Natural Ecosystems of Northern Québec.- 3 Mercury in Natural Lakes and Unperturbed Terrestrial Ecosystems of Northern Québec.- Abstract.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Materials and Methods.- 3.2.1 Aquatic Systems.- 3.2.2 Terrestrial Systems.- 3.2.3 Analyses.- 3.3 Results and Discussion.- 3.3.1 Mercury in Natural Lakes of Northern Québec.- 3.3.1.1 Presence and Diagenesis of Mercury in Lake Sediments.- 3.3.1.2 Historic Interpretation of the Presence of Mercury in Sediments.- 3.3.1.3 Sedimentary Mercury and Terrigenous Organic Matter.- 3.3.1.4 Mercury in the Water Column of Natural Lakes.- 3.3.1.5 Mercury in Aquatic Macrophytes and in Riparian Plants.- 3.3.2 Mercury in Terrestrial Systems of Northern Québec.- 3.3.2.1 Mercury in Terrestrial Vegetation of Northern Québec.- 3.3.2.2 Distribution of Mercury in Forest Soils and Peatlands of the Boreal Domain.- 3.3.2.3. Anthropogenic Fraction of Mercury in Soils of Northern Québec.- 3.3.3 Patterns of Atmospheric Mercury Deposition throughout Northern Québec.- 3.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 4 Bioaccumulation of Mercury and Methylmercury in Invertebrates from Natural Boreal Lakes.- Abstract.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Materials and Methods.- 4.2.1 Study Areas.- 4.2.2 Sampling.- 4.2.2.1 Insects.- 4.2.2.2 Plankton.- 4.2.3 Analyses.- 4.3 Results and Discussion.- 4.3.1 Total Mercury and Methylmercury Concentrations in Invertebrates.- 4.3.2 Bioavailability of Total Mercury and Methylmercury for Insect Larvae.- 4.3.3 Environmental Factors Influencing Mercury Bioavailability.- 4.3.4 Biomagnification of Methylmercury along the Food Web.- 4.3.5 Diversity, Biomass and Mercury Burdens.- 4.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 5 Mercury in Fish of Natural Lakes of Northern Québec.- Abstract.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.1.1 Study Area.- 5.2 Materials and Methods.- 5.3 Results.- 5.4 Discussion.- 5.5 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 6 Mercury in Birds and Mammals.- Abstract.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Study Area.- 6.3 Materials and Methods.- 6.4 Results and Discussion.- 6.4.1 Mercury in Birds.- 6.4.2 Relationship with Geographical and Habitat Distribution..- 6.4.3 Diet Types.- 6.4.4 Eggs.- 6.4.5 Terrestrial Mammals.- 6.4.6 Marine Mammals.- 6.4.7 Freshwater Seals.- 6.5 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- Mercury Dynamics at the Flooded Soil-Water Interface in the Reservoirs.- 7 In Vitro Release of Mercury and Methylmercury from Flooded Organic Matter.- Abstract.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Materials and Methods.- 7.2.1 Sample Collection.- 7.2.2 Experimental Set up.- 7.2.3 Analytical Methods.- 7.2.3.1 Total Hg.- 7.2.3.2 MeHg.- 7.3 Results.- 7.4 Discussion.- 7.5 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- 8 Mercury Dynamics at the Flooded Soil-Water Interface in Reservoirs of Northern Québec: in Situ Observations.- Abstract.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Materials and Methods.- 8.2.1 Study Sites.- 8.2.2 Sampling.- 8.2.3 Analyses.- 8.3 Results and Discussion.- 8.3.1 Temporal Evolution of
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