Integrated Pest Management in Potato Production in the Republic of Yemen: With Special Reference to the Integrated Biological Control of the Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea Operculella Zeller) - Couverture souple
Synopsis
The potato is the second most widely cultivated crop in the world after maize. It is grown in over 140 countries, more than 100 of them in the tropics and subtropics. Yield losses are largely attributable to pests and diseases, estimated to cause 32 per cent of losses. In an attempt to keep losses down, farmers world-wide spent annually about 970 million US dollars on pesticides. The application of these chemicals poses considerable hazards to both humans and the environment. Therefore, an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept was developed for the potato production system in the Republic of Yemen as an example and as a contribution towards a strategy of environmentally compatible agriculture. Potato disease, pests and weeds, their significance, their abiotic and biotic limiting factors, as well as the ecological and socio-economic context were analyzed and discussed to develop IPM strategies for the existing cropping system. A reduction in the damage caused by the potato tuber moth can be achieved by combining a range of methods. Therefore, extensive studies on population dynamics, on the pest intensity - crop-loss relationship, and on the control of the potato tuber moth in the field, and the store (chemical, cultural and biological) were carried out to consider all aspects in this IPM approach. Especially, the use of a natural-occurring granulosis virus in a biological control programme was evaluated.
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