This descriptive contrastive grammar systematically analyzes Japanese and Bengali (Bengali)—two typologically distinct languages belonging to the Japonic and Indo‑Aryan families. The study is organized into ten parts. Part 1 establishes the theoretical and methodological foundations of contrastive linguistics and corpus analysis. Part 2 compares phonology, phonetics, and writing systems, focusing on mora‑timing vs. syllable‑timing, pitch accent vs. stress accent, and the Japanese mixed script vs. the Bangla abugida. Part 3 examines the system of parts of speech, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, classifiers, and interjections. Part 4 analyzes word formation (derivation, compounding, and borrowing) and inflectional morphology, with attention to verb and adjective conjugation. Part 5 describes basic syntax: word order, sentence types, constituents, case and constructions, and complex sentences. Part 6 investigates subordinate clauses—relative, temporal, conditional, purposive, complement, and manner clauses. Part 7 systematically compares grammatical categories: person, number, gender, tense, aspect, voice, modality, negation, and interrogation. Part 8 explores functional categories such as deixis, toritate (focusing/emphatic marking), comparison, collocation, grammatical relations, and agreement. Part 9 contrasts honorifics and politeness: Japanese three‑layer honorifics vs. Bangla pronoun‑based honorifics. Part 10 synthesizes typological similarities and differences, discusses implications for language education and translation, and identifies directions for future research. This work provides a comprehensive descriptive resource for learners, teachers, and researchers of both languages. (The book is written in Japanese.)
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