Biophysics and the Challenges of Emerging Threats - Couverture rigide

Couverture rigide

ISBN 10 : 9048123666 ISBN 13 : 9789048123667

Editeur : Springer, 2009

Synopsis

Single-molecule techniques eliminate ensemble averaging, thus revealing transient or rare species in heterogeneous systems [1-3]. These approaches have been employed to probe myriad biological phenomena, including protein and RNA folding [4-6], enzyme kinetics [7, 8], and even protein biosynthesis [1, 9, 10]. In particular, immobilization-based fluorescence te- niques such as total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF-M) have recently allowed for the observation of multiple events on the millis- onds to seconds timescale [11-13]. Single-molecule fluorescence methods are challenged by the instability of single fluorophores. The organic fluorophores commonly employed in single-molecule studies of biological systems display fast photobleaching, intensity fluctuations on the millisecond timescale (blinking), or both. These phenomena limit observation time and complicate the interpretation of fl- rescence fluctuations [14, 15]. Molecular oxygen (O) modulates dye stability. Triplet O efficiently 2 2 quenches dye triplet states responsible for blinking. This results in the for- tion of singlet oxygen [16-18]. Singlet O reacts efficiently with organic dyes, 2 amino acids, and nucleobases [19, 20]. Oxidized dyes are no longer fluor- cent; oxidative damage impairs the folding and function of biomolecules. In the presence of saturating dissolved O, blinking of fluorescent dyes is sup- 2 pressed, but oxidative damage to dyes and biomolecules is rapid. Enzymatic O -scavenging systems are commonly employed to ameliorate dye instability. 2 Small molecules are often employed to suppress blinking at low O levels.

A propos du livre

Présentation de l'éditeur

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Biophysics and the Challenges of Emerging Threats Erice, Sicily, Italy 19-30 June 2007

Détails de l'édition

• Éditeur: Springer
• Date d'édition: 2009
• Langue: anglais
• ISBN 10: 9048123666
• ISBN 13: 9789048123667
• Reliure: Relié
• Nombre de pages: 186
• Éditeur: Puglisi Joseph
• Coordonnées du fabricant: Springer Nature Customer Service Center GmbH; ProductSafety@springernature.com; ; Europaplatz 3; Heidelberg; 69115; Allemagne