Atmospheric Environmental Research: Critical Decisions Between Technological Progress and Preservation of Nature

I The Global Approach.- 1 Global Problems of Atmospheric Chemistry - The story of Man's Impact on Atmospheric Ozone.- 1.1 Stratospheric Ozone.- 1.1.1 The Chemistry.- 1.1.2 Man's Impact on Stratospheric Ozone.- 1.2 Tropospheric Ozone.- 1.3 Topical Problems in Atmospheric Chemistry.- 1.3.1 Observations of the Tropospheric Ozone.- 1.3.2 Long-Term Observations of Properties of the Atmosphere.- 1.3.3 Intensive Measurement Campaigns.- 1.3.4 Cloud Transport.- 1.3.5 Chemical Interactions with Hydrometeors.- 1.3.6 Photolysis Rates in Cloudy Atmospheres.- 1.3.7 Biogenic Sources of Hydrocarbons, CO, and NO.- 1.3.8 Potential Role of Halogen Radicals in Ozone Destruction.- 1.3.9 Heterogeneous Reactions on Aerosol Particles.- 1.3.10 Ozone/Climate Feedbacks in the Stratosphere.- References.- 2 Can Laboratory Data be Related with the Real World?.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Anthropogenic Ozone: Models versusReality.- 2.3 A Brief History of Atmospheric Ozone Research.- 2.4 Laboratory Studies.- 2.5 The Perturbed Stratosphere.- 2.6 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 3 An Example for a Man-Made Induced Feedback on the Global Oxidation Capacity: The Possible Increase of Atmospheric ?2O2 Concentrations.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrogen Peroxide (Budget Between Sources and Sinks).- 3.3 Explanation for the H2O2 Increase Found in Greenland Ice Cores.- References.- II Nature and Technology in Conflict?.- 4 Forest Soil Reaction to Drastic Changes in Sulphur and Alkaline Dust Deposition in Three Scots Pine Ecosystems in Northeast Germany.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Materials and Methods.- 4.2.1 Experimental Sites and Soils.- 4.2.2 Field Measurements and Soil Samples.- 4.2.3 Analytical Methods.- 4.3 Results.- 4.3.1 General Soil Physical and Chemical Properties.- 4.3.2 Inorganic Sulphate Fractions.- 4.3.3 Soil Solution Composition.- 4.3.4 Element Fluxes.- 4.4 Discussion.- 4.4.1 Element Budgets and Proton Loads of the Humus Layers.- 4.4.2 Sulphate Dynamics and Element Budgets of the Bw Horizons.- 4.5 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 5 Results of the European Auto-Oil Programme: Effects of Future European Exhaust Emissions from Road Transport on the Air Quality of European Cities.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Exhaust Emission Development.- 5.3 Effects on Air Quality.- 5.3.1 Air Quality Targets.- 5.3.2 Registration of Current Air Quality.- 5.3.3 Identification of All Emission Sources.- 5.3.4 Air Quality Forecast.- 5.3.5 Cost-Benefit Analysis.- 5.4 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- III Consequences of a Changing Atmosphere.- 6 Is the Oxidising Capacity of the Troposphere Changing?.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Oxidising Efficiency.- 6.3 Influence of the Alkane Chemistry on the Oxidising Capacity.- 6.4 Chemistry of Biogenic VOCs and its Influence on Photooxidant Formation.- 6.4.1 Isoprene.- 6.4.2 Monoterpenes.- 6.4.3 Oxygenated Compounds.- 6.5 Atmospheric Chemistry of Aromatic Hydrocarbons.- 6.6 Atmospheric Formation of HONO as a Source of OH Radicals.- 6.7 Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Five-Year Record of Ozone at Mt. Brocken (Germany) - Implications for Changing Heterogeneous Chemistry.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Ozone Seasonal Cycle.- 7.3 Changing Ozone Amplitude.- 7.4 Discussion.- References.- 8 Acid Rain - Gone?.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 What Does Acid Rain Mean?.- 8.2.1 Acids and Bases - Some Definitions and Applications to the Atmosphere.- 8.2.2 The Acidity Concept.- 8.2.3 Acid Deposition: Dry and Wet Deposition versus Emission.- 8.2.4 Acid-Base Relationships and Redox Processes in the Biosphere-Atmosphere Interaction (the Relationship Between Acidifying and Oxidising Capacity).- 8.3 The Precipitation pH History in Germany and Europe Before 1990.- 8.4 The Changing Acidity after German Unification.- 8.4.1 Seehausen Precipitation Chemistry.- 8.4.2 Brocken Cloud Chemistry.- 8.5 Discussion and Conclusions.- References.