Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures Acknowledgements
1 Introduction
2 Lexomic Methods
2.1 Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis
2.2 Interpreting Dendrogram Geometries
3 Text Preparation of Beowulf
3.1 Text Preparation: Orthography
3.2 Text Preparation: Edition and Text
4 Cluster Analysis of Beowulf
4.1 Identifying Segment Boundaries: Screening
4.2 Identifying Segment Boundaries in the A-Scribe Text
4.2.1 Finding Robust Geometries Using Shifting
4.2.2 Hinting Segment Boundaries
4.2.3 Finding Robust Geometries Using Blending
4.2.4 Segment Boundaries for the A-Scribe Dendrogram
4.2.5 Analysis of the A-Scribe Dendrogram
4.3 Identifying Segment Boundaries in the B-Scribe Text
4.3.1 Screening the B-Scribe Text
4.3.2 Identifying Segments in the B-Scribe Text
4.4 Analysis of the A-Scribe and B-Scribe Texts Together
4.4.1 Segment J
4.4.2 Blending and Deleting to Determine In-Clade Relationships
4.5 Synthesis of Cluster Analysis of Beowulf
5 Interpretation of the Cluster Analysis
5.1 Groupings of Segments
5.2 High-Level Similarities and Differences
5.3 Interwoven Discourses
5.4 Sources
5.4.1 Unferth and Breca
5.4.2 Finnsburg and Danish History
5.4.3 The Fights with Grendel and Grendel's Mother
5.5 Structure
5.5.1 Two- and Three-Part Structures
5.5.2 Alternate Structures
5.6 Implications for Authorship Hypotheses
5.7 Implications for Dating
6 Conclusions Drawn from Cluster Analysis
Bibliography
Index
Michael D.C. Drout is Professor of English at Wheaton College in Massachusetts, USA. He is the author of How Tradition Works and Tradition and Influence in Anglo-Saxon Literature.
Yvette Kisor is Professor of Literature at Ramapo College of New Jersey, USA. Her essays on medieval literature, particularly Anglo-Saxon, include publications in Anglo-Saxon England, The Chaucer Review, and ANQ.
Leah Smith is an independent scholar, as well as a public artist and art educator, working in Providence, RI, USA. She was a member of the Wheaton Lexomics Research Group from 2011-2014.
Allison Dennett is an independent scholar and childcare provider, working in Portsmouth, NH, USA. She was a member of the Wheaton Lexomics Research Group in 2013.
Natasha Piirainen is an independent scholar and a project associate working for an education non-profit in Portland, Maine, USA. She was a Mars Fellow, a Gertrude Adams Professional Development Fellow, and a member of the Wheaton Lexomics Research Group in 2013.