Climate-Smart Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Production: Innovations and Practices from India and Japan

Agriculture remains one of the most climate-sensitive sectors globally, particularly in regions with fragile ecosystems, rainfed farming, and high population pressures. Climate change has exacerbated vulnerabilities in agricultural production systems, especially in developing countries where food security, rural livelihoods, and ecosystem sustainability are deeply intertwined. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, extreme weather events, and increasing pest outbreaks are already undermining agricultural productivity and stability. This growing uncertainty at the climate-agriculture interface calls for integrated, adaptive, and innovative approaches that are inclusive, scalable, and context-responsive.

The book ―Climate-Smart Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Production: Innovations and Practices from India and Japan‖ is a comprehensive edited volume written by a diverse group of experts from India and Japan. It consolidates the collective expertise of researchers, scientists, development practitioners, and policy thinkers from leading academic institutions, government organizations, and private sector agencies. Each chapter is contributed by specialists in their respective fields, offering an interdisciplinary and geographically varied perspective on sustainable agricultural transformation.

The primary aim of this edited book is to document, analyze, and disseminate a wide spectrum of climate-smart agricultural technologies and strategies that have been developed, field-tested, and implemented under real-world conditions in both India and Japan. These strategies address diverse climatic and socio-economic challenges and offer innovative solutions rooted in both cutting-edge research and traditional ecological knowledge. The volume serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers, extension workers, policy-makers, educators, and development practitioners engaged in building climate-resilient agri-food systems.

This multi-authored work is organized into three thematic sections, each focusing on a crucial pillar of climate-smart agriculture: digital and technological innovations, conservation and organic practices, and integrated adaptation strategies.

Dillip Kumar Swain is a professor at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. His core research areas are Climate Change Adaptations & Mitigations, Crop Modeling & Simulation, and Organic Farming & Hydroponics for intensification of sustainable agricultural system, aiming local and global food security. Prof. Swain was a JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow at the United Nations University, Tokyo and serving as Visiting Professor at the University of Toyama, Japan.

Geetha Mohan is a professor and vice-dean at the University of Toyama, Japan. His research focuses on agricultural and environmental issues, climate change adaptation, and sustainability science. He has previously held positions at the United Nations University and the University of Tokyo and was a JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow. His work covers Asia and Africa, highlighting climate resilience and sustainable livelihoods.

Poonam Biswal is a Research Associate at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. She holds a Joint M.Tech.–Ph.D. in Agricultural Systems and Management from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. Her research focuses on climate-smart agriculture, resource conservation technologies, sustainable and precision agriculture, and crop modeling under changing climatic conditions. She has extensive experience in research, simulation studies, and capacity-building programs related to climate adaptation and sustainable agriculture.

Ahmad Faisal is a research scholar at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India specializing in advanced aquaponics systems for sustainable and energy-efficient food production.  He has completed his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. His work integrates biofilter design and nutrient optimization to enhance the aquaponics system, focusing on developing scalable and affordable technologies for farmers. 

Naoya Wada is a professor at the University of Toyama, Japan and the director of the Global Research Centre for Advanced Sustainability Science. He holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Science from Hokkaido University. His research focuses on ecology, biodiversity, and alpine ecosystem dynamics under climate change. He has extensive academic experience in Japan and is an active member of the Ecological Society of Japan.