Global Governance Systems

As the world reaches its full potential in achieving sustainable development for each country, the importance of global governance system becomes more relevant than it was before. Factors affecting a state such as globalization, migration, trade and capital flows, and climate change make a state more susceptible to policies adopted by other countries. Thus, these factors show the need of global governance system in maintaining the world order. Global governance system also focuses on increased activities in the global market such as resource domains which do not fall within the jurisdiction of a certain country. In order for countries to remain united in achieving economic goals, coordination and collective decision-making are needed for them to have harmonious trade relationship and increase in economic growth. Several policies and standards are also made by various international institutions and international organizations in order to balance the global level of each country. Examples of these are human rights standards which are guided by the human rights commitments of the international community (U.N. 2015), bank and loan policies, and other guidelines observed by each country.

According to the United Nations, global governance actually increases the opportunity to address socio-economic issues and even environmental issues in a well-coordinated, coherent and collaborative manner. Moreover, global governance also promotes more efficient and effective accountability in different countries observing it.

The advancement of technology is also one of the factors that global governance considers in making policies and decisions for countries. It can be observed that several developing countries are already keeping up with technological changes happening around the world today. Aside from that, leaders all over the world also analyze the benefits and risks of the decisions that they make in order to achieve successful global governance. In fact, the importance and purpose of the global governance system are widely studied by experts to sustain the development of each country. According to the United Nations multilateral forums, coordination, cooperation, coherence, and policy-making are only few of the efforts that leaders make to address the different issues around the world. Furthermore, efforts should also continue to enhance the representation of developing countries in multilateral institutions and other norms and standard setting bodies (U.N. 2015).

Despite the seemingly perfect plan of the leaders worldwide to achieve successful global governance system, challenges are inevitable. According to U.N., these problems usually arise from the absence of adequate mechanisms of other countries to regulate the movement of workers between countries, weak protection of the rights of migrants and their families, as well as restricted access to technologies in health and agriculture. Thus, these gaps impede the progress in social development for global governance’s regime in other countries. According to an article written by Boughton and Bradford, in order to deal with the challenges of the world, global governance should be: more democratic than authoritarian, more openly political than bureaucratic, more integrated than specialized, and operate through soft power rather than hard power. They also added that the idea of global governance is to provide a cooperative leadership that brings together national governments, multilateral public agencies, and civil society in order to achieve commonly accepted goals and be united as one in dealing with challenges. The effectiveness of global governance in addressing the global challenges should be inclusive, dynamic, and able to span national and sectoral boundaries and interests (Boughton et al., 2007). Currently, world organizations and agencies have become more focused on evaluating and trying to improve their performance and increasing their strategies in working together with different organizations in order to achieve the common objectives. In global governance system, leadership is actually one of the most important factors in aiming for a successful development for each country. It is defined by Boughton and Bradford as the highest level of public responsibility that is uniquely invested in heads of state which is necessary to provide the strategic guidance required for the effectiveness of different national and international institutions in order to manage properly the multi-sectoral nature of global threats.

This book aims to highlight the importance of global governance in different aspects. Topics which are primarily the concern of leaders of different countries and organizations such as crime, policies, standards and other issues affecting a world leader’s responsibility in decision making will be discussed. Theories and ideologies will also give an insight on how the academic field contributes as a tool with regard to the creation of this system. Institutions such as World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Health Organization (WHO), and United Nations (UN) will also be further discussed as this book continues to enlighten the readers about global governance and how the world operates nowadays. Different themes will also be tackled to unlock the areas of global governance as it continues to achieve its desire of a better world for the future generation. It also discusses environmental governance and how different governments around the world combat the problem of global warming. Environmental governance supports and promotes better management of the planet by creating a world environment organization that handles all the issues that affect the current situation of global environmental governance and observing how the world views the importance of taking care of the environment.

Since the success of a country’s economic growth is dependent on how the leader of that country deals with several aspects of economy such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), imports and exports, and the like, economic governance and globalization are some of the most important issues that global governance system focuses on. Aside from those mentioned, themes about political and institutional governance are also discussed. These are treated with high regard because global governance believes in the power of wisdom of the leaders in leading their country to achieve its objective, which is to make their country economically stable and secure. Since the global governance system started after the First World War, factors such as peace, security, and conflict resolution has also played major roles in order to help countries especially those dealing with territorial disputes. Thus, proper management of such issues will minimize the chances of wars that may come. As the world continues to progress through the advancement of technology, it has become one of the themes of global governance system. As a matter of fact, different countries around the world prioritize developing various technologies to increase their citizens’ knowledge in sciences, technology and communications. Moreover, the advancement of technology has paved the way to more discoveries in the fields of science, medicine and engineering, which can be used to solve mysteries of the universe. However, the most important thing in the discussion of global governance system is how the world views this system especially in different countries. The main question is: Do all the nations all over the world agree with this new world order?

As this book continues to give further information about the global governance system, proposals of different organizations and experts will also be included in order to further understand the challenges of this system. Will the leaders continue to be united in order to achieve their dream world or perhaps, will their dream world continue to be just a dream for the future generation?

Chester Alexis C. Buama, is a college instructor at Laguna State Polytechnic University College of Arts and Sciences where he served as its College Research Coordinator, University Publication Adviser (Unit Head), Bay Breeze Group of Publications and Coordinator of Curriculum, Instruction Quality Assurance. He is also a member of local and international organizations: he is a senior Member of the Royal Institute of Educators, Singapore, Reading Association of the Philippines, and International English Learners Training Institute. He was a Philippine Youth Ambassador to ASEAN countries and Japan which was sponsored by the Cabinet Office of Japan (Office of the Prime Minister) and Office of the President of the Philippines in 2010. He has a Master’s degree in Management major in Public Administration. He was conferred a Doctorate Degree in Philosophy major in Public Administration, h.c. in 2016. At present he is teaching Principles of Management and Organization, Good Governance and Social Responsibility, Business Communication, Macro and Micro Economics and Philippine History and Constitution. Moreover, he has actively participated in the Civic Activities of the Global Cooperation Society International, Philippine National Chapter and is often invited as resource speaker in various journalism and leadership seminars in Laguna.