The Historic Military Orders to the Commander of the Confederate Garrison in Charleston, SC to Evacuate the City in the Wake of General William T. Sherman?s Invasion (With Sherman capturing one of the railroads supplying the city in February of 1865, defense of the city became untenable)

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Charleston was a symbol of the Confederacy, and its fall was a momentous event??It has been determined to evacuate the city of Charleston. I desire you to make every preparation for the destruction, early Friday night, of your guns and gun carriages and such powder as may be left in your magazines as may be consistent with a safe retreat.You will move out from your works in this city after moonrise Friday night and assemble your men at the Citadel Green??Charleston was a symbol of the Confederacy, both as the birthplace of secession and the site of the war's first shots. The city had endured nearly two years under siege by Union forces, suffering heavy shelling from land and water. Its fall was a momentous event.After Union General William Tecumseh Sherman?s armies entered South Carolina in 1865, rather than capture Charleston by direct assault, his forces seized the South Carolina Rail Road that was supplying the city, leaving the Northeastern Rail Road as the Confederates' only escape route from Charleston. Rather than risk encirclement, Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard ordered the immediate evacuation of Charleston on February 15, while the one rail line remained open.By February 1865, William B. Taliaferro was commanding Confederate forces in South Carolina and commanded the 2nd and 3rd district with Charleston at its hub. Confederate forces abandoned Fort Sumter on February 17, 1865, and evacuated Charleston the next day, as Sherman advanced through South Carolina. His subordinate in direct command of the troops in line was Brigadier General S. Elliott.Edward Anderson was a former U.S. Navy officer, Savannah's antebellum mayor, and a Confederate artillery colonel who had commanded the batteries defending Savannah (including Fort James Jackson) before that city fell to Sherman in December 1864. After Savannah was evacuated, Anderson was given command of the post of Charleston, South Carolina.The Official Records (vol. XLVII, p. 1195) record instructions, unsigned, sent February 15 from General Taliaferro to Elliott, conveying broad military instructions for the complete evacuation of Charleston, stretching across civilian and military boundaries.Taliaferro's office must have then sent a tailored version to Anderson, commanding the Post of Charleston itself, inside the city.These are those military orders, sent to the commander of the Confederate garrison in Charleston, Col. Edward Clifford Anderson, from Taliaferro, ordering the evacuation of the city as Sherman's army advanced. Anderson had commanded the post of Charleston since January, and was in fact involved in the planning and execution of the city's evacuation.Manuscript document, unsigned, evidently in the hand of the clerk of the 2nd and 3rd districts of South Carolina, 4 handwritten pages, the final sheet with docketed title, Charleston, February 15, 1865, to Col. Anderson. The docket reads "Instructions to Col. Anderson commanding post of Charleston." These orders are marked "Confidential? and are not published.The orders begin with the historic statement, ?It has been determined to evacuate the city of Charleston". Thirteen detailed instructions follow, including: "I. I desire you to make every preparation for the destruction, early Friday night, of your guns and gun carriages and such powder as may be left in your magazines as may be consistent with a safe retreat. To attempt to burst your guns or blow up your magazines would perhaps be a premature intimation of our intention to the enemy; therefore you will destroy the gun carriages as far as practicable, by sawing and cutting them to pieces; your guns by spiking and shotting them, and your powder by throwing it into the water". II? You will move out from your works in this city after moonrise Friday night and assemble your men at the Citadel Green?? III. You will order the cavalry company to report to me?IV. On the day of Friday you will cause all the small boats along the wharves to be destroyed, by st.…

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Détails bibliographiques

Titre
The Historic Military Orders to the Commander of the Confederate Garrison in Charleston, SC to Evacuate the City in the Wake of General William T. Sherman?s Invasion (With Sherman capturing one of the railroads supplying the city in February of 1865, defense of the city became untenable)
Auteur
William T. Sherman
Reliure
Couverture souple

The Raab Collection

Ardmore, PA, Etats-Unis

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