Preface
Chapter 1 Pollen morphological characteristics of ornamental crabapples(Wangxiang Zhang)
1.1 Significance of the study of crabapple pollen morphology
1.2 Observation methods for crabapple pollen phenotypes
1.3 Pollen morphological characteristics of ornamental crabapples
Chapter 2 Evolutionary law for ornamental crabapple pollen traits(Wangxiang Zhang, Junjun Fan, Mingming Zhao)
2.1 Evolutionary research background on plant pollen traits
2.2 Study methods for investigating the evolution of the phenotypic traits of crabapple pollen
2.2.1 Analysis of the evolutionary relationship of pollen between species from the genus Malus
2.2.2 Analysis methods for assessing the trend of evolution between cultivars and species
2.3 Evolutionary relationships of crabapple pollen phenotypic traits
2.3.1 The evolutionary relationships of the pollen phenotype traits of Malus species based on classical taxonomy and molecular evolutionary trees
2.3.2 Evolutionary trends of pollen phenotypic traits of natural species and cultivars of crabapples based on box plot analysis
2.3.3 Evolutionary trends of the pollen phenotypic traits of natural species and cultivars of crabapples based on frequency distribution characteristics
2.4 Chapter summary
Chapter 3 Evolutionary of pollen ornamentation in ornamental crabapples(YinFeng Xie, Wangxiang Zhang, Junjun Fan, Mingming Zhao)
3.1 Research background on plant pollen ornamentation evolution
3.2 Quantitative analysis methods for the evolution of crabapple pollen
3.3 Evolutionary trend of pollen ornamentation in ornamental crabapples
3.3.1 Distribution characteristics of the ornamentation patterns of crabapple germplasm pollen
3.3.2 Pollen ornamentation evolution in the populations of species and cultivars
3.3.3 Evolution of pollen ornamentation patterns in parental and progeny populations
3.4 Chapter summary
Chapter 4 Ultrastructure observation of M. halliana pollen during development (Ye Peng) 4.1 Research background of M. halliana pollen development
4.2 Mixed bud morphological and developmental observation in M. halliana
4.3 Ultrastructural observations of M. halliana pollen development
4.3.1 Initial differentiation stage of the anthers
4.3.2 Sporogenesis
4.3.3 Formation of microsporocytes
4.3.4 Meiosis
4.3.5 Mononucleated microspore stage
4.3.6 Pollen maturation stage
4.4 Ultrastructural observations of Anther Wall formation in M. halliana
4.4.1 Sporogenesis
4.4.2 Microsporocyte formation stage
4.4.3 Meiosis
4.4.4 Pollen maturation stage
4.5 Anatomical causes of pollen abortion in monopetalous M. halliana
4.6 Chapter summary
Chapter 5 Electron Microscopic of Crabapple Pollen(Junjun Fan, Mingming Zhao, Wangxiang Zhang)
References
Supplementary
Index
Wangxiang Zhang, Junjun Fan, Yinfeng Xie, Ye Peng and Mingming Zhao are from College of Forestry, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
