Inhibitory Control and Drug Abuse Prevention: From Research to Translation

The purpose of this book is to review our state of knowledge about the neurobehavioral and psychosocial processes involved in behavioral inhibitory processes and to provide an insight into how these basic research findings may be translated into the practice of drug abuse prevention interventions. Over the last decade, there has been a wealth of information indicating that substance use disorders do not simply reflect an exaggeration of reward seeking behavior, but that they also represent a dysfunction of behavioral inhibitory processes that are critical in exercising self-control. A number of studies have determined that individuals with substance use disorders have poor inhibitory control compared to non-abusing individuals. In addition, the fact that the adolescent period is often characterized by a lack of inhibitory control may be one important reason for the heightened vulnerability for the initiation of drug use during this time.

Controlled experiments utilizing neuroscience techniques in laboratory animals or neuroimaging techniques in humans have revealed that individual differences in prefrontal cortical regions may underlie, at least in part, these differences in inhibitory control. Although a few excellent journal reviews have been published on the role of inhibitory deficits in drug abuse, there has been relatively little attention paid to the potential applications of this work for drug abuse prevention. The current book will provide both basic and applied researchers with an overview of this important health-relevant topic. Since translational research cuts across multiple disciplines and most readers are not familiar with all of these disciplines, the reading level will be geared to be accessible to graduate students, as well as to faculty and researchers in the field.

The book will be organized around three general themes, encased within introductory and concluding chapters. The first theme will review basic neurobehavioral research findings on inhibition and drug abuse. Chapters in this theme will emphasize laboratory studies using human volunteers or laboratory animals that document the latest research implicating a relation between inhibition and drug abuse at both the neural and behavioral levels of analysis. The second theme will move the topic to at-risk populations that have impulse control problems, including children, adolescents and young adults. The third theme will concentrate on prevention science as it relates to inhibitory control. Chapters in this theme will be written by experts attempting to develop and improve prevention interventions by integrating evidence-based knowledge about inhibitory control processes. In all of the chapters, writers will be asked to speculate about innovative approaches that may be useful for the practice of prevention.

Michael Bardo, Ph.D. is professor of psychology and director of the NIDA-funded Center for Drug Abuse Research Translation (CDART) at the University of Kentucky. He currently teaches at both the undergraduate and graduate levels, and maintains a research laboratory investigating the biological bases of drug abuse. His laboratory is primarily interested in understanding the basic neuropharmacological mechanisms that underlie drug abuse vulnerability using laboratory animals. He is a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science and a member of the Society for Neuroscience, American Psychological Association Division 28, Midwestern Psychological Association, Society for Prevention Research, New York Academy of Sciences, and is active on the editorial board of numerous pharmacology, neuroscience, and psychology journals.

Diana Fishbein, Ph.D. is Senior Fellow in behavioral neuroscience and directs the Transdisciplinary Behavioral Science Program at RTI. She began her career as professor of criminology at the University of Baltimore and as a scientific investigator at the University of Maryland Medical School and subsequently the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Department of Justice, and the University of Maryland HIDTA Program. Dr. Fishbein consults with federal, state, and local agencies for purposes of expert witnessing in criminal court, training, technical assistance, scientific peer reviews, and development of research protocols. She publishes regularly in her field and is primary author of two textbooks, The Dynamics of Drug Abuse and Biobehavioral Perspectives in Criminology, and editor of two volumes of The Science, Treatment, and Prevention of Antisocial Behavior.

Richard Milich, Ph.D. is a professor of psychology and administrative director of the Center for Drug Abuse Research Translation (CDART) at the University of Kentucky. His primary research interests are childhood behavior problems (especially attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder) and predictors of long-term drug use. He is administrative director of the university's NHIDA funded Drug Prevention Center. His primary clinical interests are in the area of disordered child behavior. He received the 2007 Kentucky Psychological Association Outstanding Mentor Award, the 2004 William Sturgill Award from the University of Kentucky, and the Division 53 of APA award for outstanding graduate student mentoring. He is a Fellow of APA Divisions 12 and 53. He is active on the editorial boards of several journals, including Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Journal of Consulting and clinical Psychology, Journal of Attention Disorders, and Perspectives on Psychological Science.