Topic Structure of the Chinese Language: Structural and Functional Analysis

The current book is the first systematic exposition and analysis of the structure and meaning aspects of the Chinese topic-comment structure. While early analyses of the Chinese topic (and topicalization) phenomena abound, in terms of its theoretical depth and empirical breadth the current book is unparalleled. 

The phenomenon of topics is a core concept in modern linguistics, and its research significance extends beyond the scope of Chinese linguistics, being a topic of common concern in the international linguistic community. Based on the theoretical background of Universal Grammar and linguistic typology, the patterns of Chinese topics have strong consequences for the general linguistic theory, inform linguistic typology and lay the foundation for subsequent research. It is thus long overdue to translate the current book into English so that the insights, empirical generalizations and findings can reach a wider, global audience.

The original Chinese title, co-authored by two leading Chinese linguists, provides an empirically all-rounded and theoretically ground-breaking analysis of the topic in Chinese grammar. The entire book consists of seven chapters, introducing and comparing different approaches to the topic phenomenon from competing schools of thoughts within the field of theoretical syntax in China and abroad. It proposes a dedicated structural position of topics, distinguishes between subjects and topics, provides a taxonomy of topic, focus, as well as topic-focus, and explores the distribution and functions of topic markers (topic morphemes) across Sinitic languages. Aside from structural characterizations, the book also delves into the semantic relationships of topics. In particular, it examines the referential properties of topics, analyzes their discourse functions and licensing contexts, and summarizes the relationship between the topic structure and word order types. It ends with an analysis of the grammaticalization of Chinese topics and the resulting structures, as well as a proposal of the implications Chinese topics carry for the subject-topic typology, advocating for broader analyses along similar frameworks on other topic-prominent languages.

Liejiong Xu earned his BA at Peking University in 1964. He received his tenure at Shanghai Foreign Languages University (1964-1972), followed by professor positions at Fudan University (1972- 1993) and City University of Hong Kong (1993-2007). He also held various other visiting positions at CUNY, MIT, Tilburg, Trondheim and La Trobe. His internationally acclaimed research articles have appeared in a number of prestigious linguistic journals such as Language and Linguistic Inquiry. As one of the most accomplished Chinese linguists of his time, he primarily teaches and researches in the fields of syntax and semantics, particularly within the framework of Government and Binding Theory. Among the various topics he explored are binding theory, control theory, as well as discourse elements such as topic and focus.Danqing Liu is a Distinguished Professor at the College of Humanities of Shenzhen University. He obtained his PhD in Linguistics from City University of Hong Kong. He has assumed a notable number of academic roles, including the former Director at the Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the former Editor-in-Chief of Zhongguo Yuwen,as well as the former President of the International Association of Chinese Linguistics. He is currently an editor-in-chief of Asian Languages and Linguistics (John Benjamins). His wide-ranging research interests encompass language typology, Chinese grammar and dialects, with broader explorations in theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics. He has authored over ten influential books and around 200 papers in both Chinese and English. His research has garnered numerous accolades, including the esteemed Young Linguist Award of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, now known as the Lü Shuxiang Linguistics Award.