'Epigenetics and Evolution'. Pp. 186-199 in: Evolution. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology [S.E.B.], no.VII [7] [Seven].

Edité par Cambridge: Published for the Company of Biologists on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology, 1953., 1953

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xix, 448 pp; illus. Original cloth. Very Good, without dust jacket. Other contributors include Haldane, Hinshelwood, Sheppard, Medawar, Danielli, et al. 'In his 1953(b) essay, 'Epigenetics and Evolution,' Waddington analysed the shortcomings of the population genetic account of evolution. . . . Waddington (1953b) claimed that the Modern Synthesis failed to work in at least three areas. First, much adaptation appeared to be non-genetic and regulated by the environment, not by the inherited genotype. Second, as Goldschmidt had noted, large groups of animals differ from each other in ways not compatible with local races branching off. Accumulations of small mutations in a local group could not separate amphibians from fish or reptiles from amphibians. Waddington noted that Goldschmidt's own hypotheses were so unconvincing to geneticists that they obscured the cogency of Goldschmidt's arguments for these 'unbridgeable gaps.' Third, Waddington noted the different rates of evolution seen in the paleontological record. Waddington (1953b, p. 190) concluded that It is by paying further attention to the nature of the evolving animal, rather than to that of the environment, that we seem likely to make the most rapid progress in our understanding of evolution. He claimed that in conventional studies of evolution, the animal is considered either as a genotype (and is studied by geneticists) or as a phenotype (and is studied by taxonomists). What is needed, said Waddington, is an evolutionary study of those processes that get the genotype to the phenotypethe epigenetics of development. . . . Waddington (1953b, p. 191) then launched into a critique of the notion of 'random mutation,' noting that there are developmental constraints placed on what changes are possible. . . . Waddington distinguishes here normalizing selection working on adults and stabilizing selection working during development. . . . Waddington's notions of normalizing and stabilizing selection have become stabilized in our changing concepts of the roles of genes in evolution' (Scott F. Gilbert, 'Diachronic Biology Meets Evo-Devo: C. H. Waddington's Approach to Evolutionary Developmental Biology', American Zoologist, Volume 40, Issue 5, October 2000, pp. 729737).…

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Détails bibliographiques

Titre
'Epigenetics and Evolution'. Pp. 186-199 in: Evolution. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology [S.E.B.], no.VII [7] [Seven].
Auteur
[WADDINGTON, C. H.] BROWN, R. & J. F. [James Frederic] DANIELLI (1911-1984) (eds.)
Éditeur
Cambridge: Published for the Company of Biologists on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology, 1953.
Année de publication
1953
État de l'article
Very Good
Jaquette
No Jacket
Reliure
Hardcover
Édition
1st Edition

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