Note on the transmutation function for deuterons, pp. 500-2 in Physical Review Vol. 48, No. 6, September 15, 1935. THE OPPENHEIMER-PHILLIPS PROCESS

OPPENHEIMER, J. Robert & PHILLIPS, Melba N.

Edité par Lancaster, PA & New York, NY: American Physical Society, 1935

First edition, complete journal issue in original printed wrappers, of the Oppenheimer-Phillips process, an early contribution to nuclear physics that explained the behavior of accelerated nuclei of radioactive hydrogen atoms. Experiments with the Berkeley cyclotron had shown that some elements become radioactive under deuteron bombardment, and at lower energies than expected. The explanation provided by Oppenheimer & Phillips is that the neutron half of an energetic deuteron (a stable isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron) fuses with the target nucleus, transmuting the target to a heavier isotope while ejecting a proton (an example is the nuclear transmutation of carbon-12 to carbon-13). The process allows a nuclear interaction to take place at lower energies than would be expected from a simple calculation of the Coulomb barrier between a deuteron and a target nucleus because as the deuteron approaches the positively charged target nucleus, it experiences a charge polarization where the "proton-end" faces away from the target and the "neutron-end" faces towards the target. The fusion proceeds when the binding energy of the neutron and the target nucleus exceeds the binding energy of the deuteron and a proton is then repelled from the new heavier nucleus. Melba Newell Phillips (1907-2004) was one of the first doctoral students of J. Robert Oppenheimer at the University of California, Berkeley, and completed her Ph.D. in 1933, a time when few women pursued careers in science. Phillips was also known for refusing to cooperate with a U.S. Senate judiciary subcommittee's investigation on internal security during the McCarthy era that led to her dismissal from her professorship at Brooklyn College, where she was a professor of science from 1938 until 1952. (The college publicly and personally apologized to Phillips for the dismissal in 1987.) She was professor of physics at the University of Chicago (1962-72), a fellow of the American Physical Society, and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Large 8vo, pp. 491-572. Original printed wrappers (a few small creases to rear wrapper). N° de réf. du vendeur ABE-1609950791424

Détails bibliographiques

Titre : Note on the transmutation function for ...
Éditeur : Lancaster, PA & New York, NY: American Physical Society
Date d'édition : 1935
Reliure : Soft cover
Etat : Near Fine
Edition : 1st Edition