Scientific Discovery: Computational Explorations of the Creative Processes

Pat Langley; Herbert A. Simon; Gary L. Bradshaw; Jan M. Zytkow

ISBN 10: 0262121166 / ISBN 13: 9780262121163

Edité par MIT Press, 1987

A propos de cet article

357 Pp. Black Cloth, Spine Lettered In White. First Printing. Fine In Fine Dust Jacket.

N° de réf. du vendeur 051742

Détails bibliographiques

• Titre: Scientific Discovery: Computational Explorations of the Creative Processes
• Éditeur: MIT Press
• Date de parution: 1987
• Langue: anglais
• ISBN à 10 chiffres: 0262121166
• ISBN à 13 chiffres: 9780262121163
• Reliure: Hardcover
• Édition: 1st Edition
• Impression: 1st Printing
• État de l'article: Fine
• État de la jaquette: Fine
• Catalogues du vendeur:
  • Science (general)
  • Mathematics
  • Computers and Computing

A propos de ce titre

Synopsis

Scientific discovery is often regarded as romantic and creative—and hence unanalyzable—whereas the everyday process of verifying discoveries is sober and more suited to analysis. Yet this fascinating exploration of how scientific work proceeds argues that however sudden the moment of discovery may seem, the discovery process can be described and modeled.

Using the methods and concepts of contemporary information-processing psychology (or cognitive science) the authors develop a series of artificial-intelligence programs that can simulate the human thought processes used to discover scientific laws. The programs—BACON, DALTON, GLAUBER, and STAHL—are all largely data-driven, that is, when presented with series of chemical or physical measurements they search for uniformities and linking elements, generating and checking hypotheses and creating new concepts as they go along.

Scientific Discovery examines the nature of scientific research and reviews the arguments for and against a normative theory of discovery; describes the evolution of the BACON programs, which discover quantitative empirical laws and invent new concepts; presents programs that discover laws in qualitative and quantitative data; and ties the results together, suggesting how a combined and extended program might find research problems, invent new instruments, and invent appropriate problem representations. Numerous prominent historical examples of discoveries from physics and chemistry are used as tests for the programs and anchor the discussion concretely in the history of science.

À propos de l?auteur

Pat Langley is Associate Professor, Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine.

Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001) was an influential psychologist and political scientist, awarded the 1978 Nobel Prize in Economics and the 1975 Turing Award (with Allen Newell). His many published books include Models of Bounded Rationality and Models of My Life (both published by the MIT Press)..

Gary Bradshaw is Professor in the Department of Psychology at Mississippi State University.

Jan Zytkow was CS Chair and Professor of Computer Science at Wichita State University.