(Un)Common Precedents in Architectural Design

(Un)Common Precedents in Architectural Design calls for an attentive examination of the uncommon that inspires creativity, prompting a re-examination of both common and marginalised precedents. Precedents and their origins can be idiosyncratic, and it is not surprising that they often lead to unpredictable outcomes. The uncommon is explored as an undervalued, unregulated, and informal approach to precedents, acknowledging a radical imagination in architectural design that extends beyond visual and typological considerations, expanding the field of influence beyond buildings to investigate interdisciplinary exchanges and a multisensory imagination. This book addresses a critical need to re-examine architectural precedents, understanding why, how, and what we study to reveal the intentions, transmedia explorations, and referents behind the workings of a more inclusive architectural imagination nurtured in multicultural practices and teaching environments. (Un)Common Precedents thus underlines the non-conformity and inordinance of precedents and the necessity of their divergence, drawing attention to different socio-political contexts that resist, reject, and replace the canonisation of precedents based on dominant ocular-centric approaches with local, experiential, transdisciplinary, and uncommon ones. The book offers an alternative to the compulsion to normalise, universalise, repeat, restate, and re-enact, transforming the documentation of far-removed precedents through first-person experiences.

FEDERICA GOFFI is Professor of Architecture at the Azrieli School of Architecture and Urbanism at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Her most recent book Architecture in Conversion: Time, Weather and Tempo in the Work of Carlo Scarpa is published by Lund Humphrey (2025). Earlier she published Time Matter[s]: Invention and Re-imagination in Built Conservation: The Unfinished Drawing and Building of St. Peter's in the Vatican (Ashgate 2013). Her recent edited volumes include The Routledge Companion to Architectural Drawings and Models: From Translating to Archiving, Collecting and Displaying (Routledge 2022); InterVIEWS: Insights and Introspection in Doctoral Research in Architecture (Routledge 2019); Marco Frascari's Dream House: A Theory of Imagination (Routledge 2017); and the co-edited Architectures of Hiding (Routledge 2024); Ceilings and Dreams: The Architecture of Levity (Routledge 2019). She is the editor of And Yet It Moves: Ethics, Power, and Politics in the Stories of Collecting, Archiving and Displaying of Drawings and Models (Routledge 2021). She has been Co-Chair of the PhD and MAS Program in Architecture (2017-2025), Interim Director (2021-2022) and Associate Director of Graduate and Professional programs (2011-2017). She holds a PhD in Architecture and Design Research (Virginia Tech), a Dottore in Architettura (University of Genoa), and she is a licensed architect in her native country, Italy.

ISABEL POTWOROWSKI is Assistant Professor of Architecture at the University of Cincinnati, where she teaches undergraduate design studio and drawing. She defended her PhD at Carleton University in Ottawa (2025) titled "Discovering Spiritual Atmospheres: Representation practices in Atelier Zumthor's process of design buildings that amplify spiritual atmospheres." She completed her Bachelor in Architecture at McGill University in Montreal, her professional Master in Architecture at TU Delft, and obtained a Master in Architectural History and Theory at McGill. In the Netherlands, she worked at Barcode Architects, the International New Town Institute, and Mecanoo Architecten. Her research interests include the spiritual dimension of architecture, embodied and experiential qualities of space, the design process, and design pedagogy.

KRISTIN WASHCO, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute's School of Architecture, and a Registered Architect. She received her PhD in Architectural History + Theory at the ASAU, Carleton University, Canada, where she was the former co-coordinator of CRPTC (Carleton Research Practice of Teaching Collaborative). She received her Master's in Architectural History + Theory from McGill University and her professional degree in Architecture from Virginia Polytechnic Institute. She has practiced professionally across the United States and Canada, and her professional work with NOROOF Architects, DXA Studio and MADERA has won multiple awards, including the AIA Award of Excellence. In 2021, she co-founded the design firm Métier Projects. Her research interests are centered around the synaesthetic experience of architecture, methods of architectural representation, and the translation from page to built work.