arithmetica universalis sive compositione resolutione de newton isaac, Ancien ou d'occasion (12 résultats)

Etat : Sehr gut. Zustand: Sehr gut | Seiten: 408 | Sprache: Englisch | Produktart: Bücher.

Etat : As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Etat : As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Hardcover (Full Leather). Etat : Very Good. 8vo. ([Half-title], [Title], 323) 120mm x 198mm Originally written in Latin and published in 1707, an English translation appeared in 1720 two years before this second Latin edition. Newton was unhappy with the book and refused to have his name associated with it which is why he does not appear as author on any early editions of the book. Illustrated throughout with diagrams in the text. This copy is in a contemporary calf binding with the arms of Lord Charles Stuart de Rothesay stamped in gilt on both boards. Extremities a little bumped and rubbed but overall a very good copy Size: Octavo . Category: Science & Technology; Mathematics.

Etat : Buono (Good). terza edizione. ARITHMETICA UNIVERSALIS SIVE DE COMPOSITIONE ET RESOLUTIONE ARITHMETICA LIBER. Auctore IS. NEWTON, Eq. Aur. LUGDUNI BATAVORUM, 1732 Apud JOH. ET HERM. VERBEEK, Bibliopola Antico trattato settecentesco di matematica e geometria, opera del celebre matematico inglese Isaac Newton. Terza ed. stampata a Leida (Paesi Bassi) nel 1732, con numerose formule dimostrative nel testo e 13 tavole incise in rame ripieg. Legatura coeva in piena pergamena, front. in rosso e nero con marca calcografica (motto: Varietas delectat). Testo latino con iniziali e fregi xilo. In buono stato di conservazione generale con difetti al dorso, legatura allentata e frontespizio parz. distaccato. Diffuse bruniture e sporadiche fioriture, senza perdita di testo. Leggeri solchi di tarlo ai risguardi. 1 volume, in-4^, 245x170 mm., pp. (8), 344 + 13 cc. di tav. ripieg. 026E. Book.

Hardcover. First edition. NEWTON'S TREATISE ON ALGEBRA. First edition of Newton's treatise on algebra, or 'universal arithmetic,' his "most often read and republished mathematical work" (Whiteside). "Included are 'Newton's identities' providing expressions for the sums of the ith powers of the roots of any polynomial equation, for any integer i [pp. 251-2], plus a rule providing an upper bound for the positive roots of a polynomial, and a generalization, to imaginary roots, of René Descartes' Rule of Signs [pp. 242-5]" (Parkinson, p. 138). About this last rule for determining the number of imaginary roots of a polynomial (which Newton offered without proof), Gjertsen (p. 35) notes: "Some idea of its originality can be gathered from the fact that it was not until 1865 that the rule was derived in a rigorous manner by James Sylvester." Provenance: Jesuit College at Ghent (ink inscription 'Bibliotheca Collegii Gandavensis Soc[ietatis] Jesu.' and shelfmark on title); extensive marginal annotations by a well-informed contemporary reader. This reader was possibly the English Jesuit Christopher Maier (1697-1767). Born in Durham, England, Maier entered the Society of Jesus in 1715. He taught at Liège, where he became interested in astronomy. In 1750, Maire was commissioned by Pope Benedict XIV to measure two degrees of the meridian from Rome to Rimini with fellow Jesuit Roger Boscovich, with a view to mapping the Papal States; in turn, they proved that the earth is an oblate spheroid, as Newton had proposed in Principia, publishing their results in Litteraria Expeditione (1755). Maier spent his final years at the English Jesuit College in Ghent. "In fulfillment of his obligations as Lucasian Professor, Newton first lectured on algebra in 1672 and seems to have continued until 1683. Although the manuscript of the lectures in [Cambridge University Library] carries marginal dates from October 1673 to 1683, it should not be assumed that the lectures were ever delivered. There are no contemporary accounts of them and, apart from Cotes who made a transcript of them in 1702, they seem to have been totally ignored. Whiteside (Papers V, p. 5) believes that they were composed 'over a period of but a few months' during the winter of 1683-4" (Gjertsen, pp. 33-4). The course of lectures stemmed from a project on which Newton had embarked in the autumn of 1669, thanks to the enthusiasm of John Collins: the revision of Mercator's Latin translation of Gerard Kinckhuysen's Dutch textbook on algebra, Algebra ofte stel-konst (1661). Newton composed a manuscript, 'Observations on Kinckhuysen', in 1670 (see Whiteside, Papers II) and used it in the preparation of his lectures. He took the opportunity not only to extend Cartesian algebraic methods, but also to restore the geometrical analysis of the ancients, giving his lectures on algebra a strongly geometric flavor. "When Newton resigned his Lucasian professorship to his deputy William Whiston in December 1701, it was natural that the latter should wish to familiarize himself with the deposited lectures of his predecessor" (Whiteside, Papers V, p. 8). Whiston later claimed (in his Memoirs, London: 1749) that Newton gave him his reluctant permission to publish the lectures. Whiston arranged with the London stationer to underwrite the expense of printing the deposited manuscript and then subsequently, between September 1705 and the following June, corrected both specimen and proof sheets as they emerged from the University Press. The completed editio princeps finally appeared in May 1707, priced at 4s. 6d., without Newton's name on the title page, although references inside the work made no attempt to hide the author's identity. It included an appended tract by Halley on 'A new, accurate and easy method for finding the roots of any equations generally, without prior reduction' (pp. 327-343). Publication of the work had been delayed by Newton, who complained that the titles and headings were not his and that it contained numerous mistakes. Yet when he prepared a second edition in 1722 the changes he introduced were "primarily reorderings of his own manuscript, not corrections of Whiston's additions" (Westfall, p. 649). In reality, Newton's misgivings probably derived more from his reluctance to place before the public a relatively immature and poorly organized work, and one that did not take into account the developments in the subject that had taken place in the quarter century since the manuscript was composed. For a book that was to become Newton's most often republished mathematical work, the Arithmetica initially made little impact in Britain, and was not even graced by a review in the Philosophical Transactions. On the Continent the reception accorded the lectures was more positive. "Leibniz, unhesitatingly divining their author beneath the cloak of anonymity, gave them a long review in the Acta Eruditorum of Leipzig in 1708. Written thirty years before, he noted, and now deservingly printed by William Whiston, he assured the reader that 'you will find in this little book certain particularities that you will seek in vain in great tomes on analysis.' His close associate, Johann Bernoulli, despite some adverse remarks paid Newton the compliment in 1728 of basing his own course on the elements of algebra upon Newton's text. Perhaps partly in consequence of Newton's recent death, in Britain too the book began about this time to arouse greater interest than when it was first issued in 1707" (Hall, p. 174). Despite the impressive contributions of the work to the theory of equations, mentioned earlier, it is difficult to pigeonhole the work as being either algebraic or geometric. From one point of view, the Arithmetica can be seen as a fulfillment of the programme outlined by Descartes in the Géométrie because it teaches how geometrical problems (and also arithmetical and mechanical ones) can be translated into the language of algebra. Paradoxically, however, Newton criticized Descartes, main.

(22 x 17,5 cm). (8) 344 S. Mit gestochener Titelvignette und 13 Kupfertafeln. Dekorativer Halblederband der Zeit. Dritte lateinische Ausgabe (sechste überhaupt), herausgegeben von W. J. S. van 'sGravesande. "There are additional treatises by Halley (3), Colson, DeMoivre, Maclaurin (2) and Campbell" (Babson). "Includes much new material" (Wallis). Das Werk wurde 1707 erstmals und ohne Newtons Kenntniss von William Whiston herausgegeben. - Stempel auf Titel. Durchgehend gering gebräunt bzw. stockfleckig. Tafeln am Rand vereinzelt sorgsam restauriert. Insgesamt schönes und gut erhaltenes Exemplar. - Babson 204; Wallis 279; Gray 279; Sotheran, Suppl. I, 1563.

Couverture rigide. Etat : Bon. de (8), 344 pages et 13 Leyde, Verbeek, 1732, in-4, de (8), 344 pages et 13 planches, vélin rigide de l'époque, dos lisse aux coutures surjetées, Troisième édition, la première avait paru en 1707, procurée par Gravesande, avec des traités additionnels d'Halley, Colson, De Moivre, Maclaurin, et Campbell. Elle contient aussi un appendice nouveau, "De Solutione et Constructione Aequationum Scripta Varia," extrait des Philosophical Transactions. L'Arithmétique de Newton est le texte qui établit la réputation du physicien anglais. Elle contient les cours d'algèbre qu'il donna à Cambridge entre 1673 et 1683. Newton parvint à déterminer des valeurs approchées des racines numériques et établit les fondements de la théorie des fonctions de ces racines. Importantes mouillures et salissures en milieu de volume.

Second edition. NEWTON'S ALGEBRA - THE FIRST EDITION AUTHORISED AND EDITED BY NEWTON. Second edition, but the first authorised and edited by Newton (probably with the assistance of John Machin see below), of his treatise on algebra, or 'universal arithmetic,' his "most often read and republished mathematical work" (Whiteside, Papers V, p. xiv). "Included are 'Newton's identities' providing expressions for the sums of the ith powers of the roots of any polynomial equation, for any integer i [pp. 251-2], plus a rule providing an upper bound for the positive roots of a polynomial, and a generalization, to imaginary roots, of René Descartes' Rule of Signs [pp. 242-5]" (Parkinson, p. 138). About this last rule for determining the number of imaginary roots of a polynomial (which Newton offered without proof), Gjertsen (p. 35) notes: "Some idea of its originality can be gathered from the fact that it was not until 1865 that the rule was derived in a rigorous manner by James Sylvester." The work is a printed version of lectures Newton prepared in the period 1672-83. Although the editor of the first edition, William Whiston, later claimed that he had Newton's permission to print the lectures, Newton was far from satisfied with the result, complaining that the titles and headings were not his and that it contained numerous mistakes. His real concern was that "an unfinished text composed so long before should now be presented to the world as though it represented his latest researches into the structure and applications of algebra" (Papers V, p. 11), and that Whiston had "too faithfully and impercipiently followed the parent manuscript, incorporating in his princeps edition its several inconsistencies and lapses into error without, in the main, even bringing them to the reader's notice In his private library copy of the edition, Newton corrected many minor misprints, inserted more appropriate running heads ('Multiplicatio', 'Divisio', 'Extractio Radicum', 'De Forma Aequationis', 'Reductio Aequationum', 'Resolutio Quaestionum Arithmeticarum (Geometricarum)' and the like) and on the Arithmetica page 279 deleted an unwarranted half-title 'Aequationum Constructio linearis'; more radically, he mapped out a large-scale reordering of the sixty-one geometrical problems comprising its central portion, seeking to grade them into a more logical sequence and in increasing levels of difficulty, while in the concluding section on the 'curvilinear ' construction of equations he pared away all not directly needed flesh, reducing it to two skeletal conchoidal neuses, now denuded of their proof. That last savage act of butchery apart, all these improvements were incorporated in the Latin revise future parent (and rightfully so) of all subsequent editions which he himself brought to publication in 1722" (ibid., pp. 13-14). Babson notes that "This edition was the last issued during Newton's lifetime and is almost as rare as the first." In commerce, this edition is, in fact, much rarer than the first: ABPC/RBH list only two other copies of this edition since 1975, but ten of the first. "In fulfilment of his obligations as Lucasian Professor, Newton first lectured on algebra in 1672 and seems to have continued until 1683. Although the manuscript of the lectures in [Cambridge University Library] carries marginal dates from October 1673 to 1683, it should not be assumed that the lectures were ever delivered. There are no contemporary accounts of them and, apart from Cotes who made a transcript of them in 1702, they seem to have been totally ignored. Whiteside (Papers V, p. 5) believes that they were composed 'over a period of but a few months' during the winter of 1683-4" (Gjertsen, pp. 33-4). The Arithmetica "derives partly (in its discussion of the elemental algebraic operations and of the reduction and exact solution of equations) from Newton's earlier, unpublished 'Observations' on the introduction to Cartesian algebra presented by Gerard Kinckhuysen in his 1661 Stelkonst, partly (in its techniques for delimiting the number and nature, real or complex, of the roots of equations and for reducing these by factorization) from his own independent researches as a young postgraduate student into the theory of equations, and partly (in its approximate geometrical construction of cubics) from his previously elaborated 'Problems for construing aequations'. Apart from novelties in detail and the fabrication of new illustrative 'questions', what is most notable is Newton's developing awareness still far from completely expressed of the fundamental structural equivalence which exists between the elements (constants and free variables, and their functional relationships) of algebra and those (given lines and undetermined line-lengths, and their coordinate interconnections) of geometry, and his deepening grasp of the still more general isomorphism which permits a two-way 'translation' between mathematical 'speech' and the 'language' of exact science in all its manifestations. His guiding doctrine that algebra is 'universal arithmetick' embroiders a theme stated briefly in an opening phrase of his 1671 treatise on infinite series and fluxions, and expounded (in a geometrical context) earlier still in preface to James Gregory's study of universal mathematical principles. Now also, however, he reaches tentatively forward to Barrow's notion that algebra is in its essence the abstract logic of relationships between quantities in divorce from their particular setting, and hence to be developed as an independent, metamathematical system" (Papers V, pp. 3-4). "We may reasonably conjecture that pressure was in some manner put upon [Newton] in late 1683 to fulfil, however tardily, his statutory obligation annually to deposit a fair copy of ten of his lecture scripts, and be all but sure that the arrival in Cambridge the next spring of his young amanuensis Humphrey Newton, able to take over from Isaac the dreary, time-consuming chore of rewriti.

Amsterdam, Marc Michel Rey, 1761, 3 parties en 2 tomes rel. en 1 vol. in 4 de (6)-XVIII-310-(2) pp. ; (4)-288 pp. ; (2)-134-(2) pp., pages de titres imprimées en rouge et noir, 37 planches dépliantes gravées, rel. début XIXe de plein veau brun raciné, dos richement orné de fers dorés, pièce de titre de maroquin rouges, tranches jaspées de couleurs, bel ex. Cette édition comporte d'importants commentaires du mathématicien Giovanni Francesco Mauro Melchior Salvemini da Castiglione (1708-1791). Elle contient dans la dernière partie, des traités additionnels par Halley, Colson, Maclaurin, Campbell, Baermann, Kästner et Boscowitch (le dernier paraissant ici pour la 1re fois). Ex libris armorié gravé de Georges BONTEMPS (1799-1883).