centre for the study of language and information us (148 résultats)

Hardcover. Etat : Very Good. Ex-university library hardback with usual labels. Text otherwise fresh.

Paperback. Etat : New. This book provides a simple but precise framework for describing complex predicates and related constructions, and applies it principally to the analysis of complex predicates in Romance, and certain serial verb constructions in Tariana and Miskitu. The authors argue for replacing the projection architecture of LFG with a notion of differential information spreading within a unified feature structure. Another important feature is the use of the conception of argument-structure in Chris Manning's Ergativity to facilitate the description of how complex predicates are assembled. In both of these aspects the result is a framework that preserves the descriptive parsimony of LFG while taking on key ideas from HPSG.

Paperback. Etat : New. Without assuming arbitrary restrictions on grammar notation at the outset, 'Bare Grammars' aim to provide the most straightforward definitions of the constructions present in human languages, together with a compositional semantics. A simple generative approach is presented which induces a natural algebraic notion of structure, with the surprising result that not only classical syntactic relations (like c-command) but also certain morphological relations concerning identity of particular morphemes (e.g. case markers) are properly structural. Formal models of case marking, verb voice, anaphora, are considered, and linguistic universals are proposed that do not assume any kind of structural isomorphism between languages. A strong form of compositionality is defended, together with the hypothesis that grammatical morphemes ('syntactic constants') always denote semantic constants, revealing that the relation between form and meaning is not subject to arbitrary dictates of linguistic convention, history, and accidents of human biology.

Paperback. Etat : New. This book provides a simple but precise framework for describing complex predicates and related constructions, and applies it principally to the analysis of complex predicates in Romance, and certain serial verb constructions in Tariana and Miskitu. The authors argue for replacing the projection architecture of LFG with a notion of differential information spreading within a unified feature structure. Another important feature is the use of the conception of argument-structure in Chris Manning's Ergativity to facilitate the description of how complex predicates are assembled. In both of these aspects the result is a framework that preserves the descriptive parsimony of LFG while taking on key ideas from HPSG.

Paperback. Etat : New. Without assuming arbitrary restrictions on grammar notation at the outset, 'Bare Grammars' aim to provide the most straightforward definitions of the constructions present in human languages, together with a compositional semantics. A simple generative approach is presented which induces a natural algebraic notion of structure, with the surprising result that not only classical syntactic relations (like c-command) but also certain morphological relations concerning identity of particular morphemes (e.g. case markers) are properly structural. Formal models of case marking, verb voice, anaphora, are considered, and linguistic universals are proposed that do not assume any kind of structural isomorphism between languages. A strong form of compositionality is defended, together with the hypothesis that grammatical morphemes ('syntactic constants') always denote semantic constants, revealing that the relation between form and meaning is not subject to arbitrary dictates of linguistic convention, history, and accidents of human biology.

Paperback. Etat : New. The papers collected in Richard Vallée's Words and Contents span twenty-one years of research. Beginning with referring expressions and later addressing context sensitivity, the book examines how specific words contribute to the contents of utterances and the philosophical issues that surround them. Within these papers, Vallée navigates the discovery and exploration of different modes of expression and perspectives on language.

Paperback. Etat : New. Because of the ease of their implementation, attribute-value based theories of grammar are becoming increasingly popular in theoretical linguistics as an alternative to transformational accounts and in computational linguistics. This book provides a formal analysis of attribute-value structures, their use in a theory of grammar and the representation of grammatical relations in such theories of grammar. It provides a classical treatment of disjunction and negation, and explores the linguistic implications of different representations of grammatical relations. Mark Johnson is assistant professor in cognitive and linguistic sciences at Brown University. He was a Fairchild postdoctoral fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1987-88 academic year.

Paperback. Etat : New. Linguistic distinctions between the notions of a phrase, a word and their components are challenged by so-called particle verbs in German and similar features in other languages. Particle verbs look like single words, yet are typically assembled from word-like fragments that together behave more like components of a phrase than a word. Particle verbs have previously been analyzed as morphological objects or as phrasal constructions, but neither approach fits cleanly within its chosen framwork. The resolution presented in this book, is that particle verbs should be seen as lexicalized phrasal constructions. Emphasizing morphological and sytactic testability, over 100 colloquial examples are shown to break the rules of previous approaches while remaining consistent to the book's proposition. Preverb constructions (PVCs) are introduced and diagrammed to help distinguish particle verbs from similar constructions, and to demonstrate how structural and morphological factors have been misidentified in the past. All this reveals the roles of listedness and non-transparency in word formation and clarifies the conclusion that particle verbs do not form a definable class of words.

Paperback. Etat : New. How does a computer scientist understand infinity? What can probability theory teach us about free will? Can mathematical notions be used to enhance one's personal understanding of the Bible? This book contains six informal lectures by computer scientist Donald E. Knuth exploring the relationship between his vocation and his faith, revealing the unique perspective that his work with computing has lent to his understanding of God. Knuth's starting point is his 3:16 project, an application of mathematical "random sampling" to the books of the Bible. The first lectures tell the story of the project's conception and execution, exploring the complex dimensions of language translation, aesthetics, and theological history. Knuth also reveals the many insights that he has gained along the way from such interdisciplinary work. The theological musings culminate in a final lecture which tackles infinity, free will, and the other "big questions" that lie at the juncture of theology and computation. Each lecture ends with a question and answer exchange.

Paperback. Etat : New. During the last few years, a new approach to linguistic analysis has started to emerge. This approach, which has come to be known under various labels such as 'data-oriented parsing', 'corpus-based interpretation' and 'treebank grammar', assumes that human language comprehension and production works with representations of concrete past language experiences rather than with abstract grammatical rules. It operates by decomposing the given representations into fragments and recomposing those pieces to analyze (infinitely many) new utterances. This book shows how this general approach can apply to various kinds of linguistic representations. Experiments with this approach suggest that the productive units of natural language cannot be defined by a minimal set of rules or principles, but need to be defined by a large, redundant set of previously experienced structures. Bod argues that this outcome has important consequences for linguistic theory, leading to an entirely new view of the nature of linguistic competence.

Paperback. Etat : New.

Paperback. Etat : New. This introduction is concerned with the semantics of natural languages. The text examines what issues semantics, as a theory of meaning, should address: determining what the meanings of words of the language are and how to semantically combine elements of a language to build up complex meanings. Logical languages are then developed as formal metalanguages to natural language. Subsequent chapters address propositional logic, the syntax and semantics of (first-order) predicate logic as an extension of propositional logic, and generalized quantifier theory. Going beyond extensional theory, de Swart relativizes the interpretation of expressions to times to account for verbal tense, time adverbials, and temporal connectives, and introduces possible worlds to modal intensions, modal adverbs, and modal auxiliaries.

Paperback. Etat : New. This volume is devoted to the syntax and semantics of various languages, studied with models based on constraints. Both French and international linguists present their work in tribute to Danièle Godard, emeritus research director at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in France, a member of the Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle at Université Paris Diderot, and a specialist in the syntax and semantics of French and Romance languages.

Paperback. Etat : New. In this volume John Perry develops his "reflexive-referential" account of indexicals, demonstratives, and proper names. For this new edition, Perry has added a preface and two chapters on the distinction between semantics and pragmatics and on attitude reports. He reveals a coherent and structured family of contents-from reflexive contents that place conditions on their actual utterance to fully incremental contents that place conditions only on the objects of reference-reconciling the legitimate insights of both the referentialist and descriptivist traditions.

Paperback. Etat : New. The papers collected in Richard Vallée's Words and Contents span twenty-one years of research. Beginning with referring expressions and later addressing context sensitivity, the book examines how specific words contribute to the contents of utterances and the philosophical issues that surround them. Within these papers, Vallée navigates the discovery and exploration of different modes of expression and perspectives on language.

Paperback. Etat : New. This volume traces the work and thinking of Charles Fillmore throughout his 30 year career. It is a collection which reflects his desire to make sense of the workings of language in a way that keeps in mind questions of language form, language use and conventions linking form, meaning and practice. Papers include: "The position and embedding of transformations in a grammar"; "Towards a modern theory of case"; "The case of case"; "Types of lexical information"; "Subjects, speakers and roles"; "Verbs of judging"; "On generativity"; "The case for case reopened"; "Topics in lexical semantics"; "On the organization of semantic information in the lexicon"; "Innocence"; "Towards a descriptive framework for spatial deixis"; "Monitoring the reading process"; "Some thoughts on the boundaries and components of linguistics"; "Frames and the semantics of understanding"; "Linguistics as a tool for discourse analysis"; "Pragmatically controlled zero anaphora"; "Grammatical construction theory and the familiar dichotomies"; "Clause connectives in Japanese and related mysteries"; "Constituency vs dependancy"; Humour in academic discourse".

Paperback. Etat : New. Because of the ease of their implementation, attribute-value based theories of grammar are becoming increasingly popular in theoretical linguistics as an alternative to transformational accounts and in computational linguistics. This book provides a formal analysis of attribute-value structures, their use in a theory of grammar and the representation of grammatical relations in such theories of grammar. It provides a classical treatment of disjunction and negation, and explores the linguistic implications of different representations of grammatical relations. Mark Johnson is assistant professor in cognitive and linguistic sciences at Brown University. He was a Fairchild postdoctoral fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1987-88 academic year.

Paperback. Etat : New. Linguistic distinctions between the notions of a phrase, a word and their components are challenged by so-called particle verbs in German and similar features in other languages. Particle verbs look like single words, yet are typically assembled from word-like fragments that together behave more like components of a phrase than a word. Particle verbs have previously been analyzed as morphological objects or as phrasal constructions, but neither approach fits cleanly within its chosen framwork. The resolution presented in this book, is that particle verbs should be seen as lexicalized phrasal constructions. Emphasizing morphological and sytactic testability, over 100 colloquial examples are shown to break the rules of previous approaches while remaining consistent to the book's proposition. Preverb constructions (PVCs) are introduced and diagrammed to help distinguish particle verbs from similar constructions, and to demonstrate how structural and morphological factors have been misidentified in the past. All this reveals the roles of listedness and non-transparency in word formation and clarifies the conclusion that particle verbs do not form a definable class of words.

Hardback. Etat : New. This book presents a sequence of interviews between Dikran Karagueuzian and prolific fiction writer John L'Heureux that investigate the nature of writing fiction and the writer's need to write. This conversation includes a discussion of contemporary fiction, its virtues and vices, and its distinguished practitioners, along with a personal perspective on writing novels as opposed to short stories. "Karagueuzian and L'Heureux" also explore L'Heureux's years as director of 'The Stanford Writing Program', detailing his relationship with some of his better-known students, and offering insight into what can and can't be taught in a creative writing program.

Paperback. Etat : New. Linguistic Issues in Language Technology focuses on the relationships between linguistic insights and language technology. In conjunction with machine learning and statistical techniques, more sophisticated models of language and speech are needed to make significant progress in both existing and newly emerging areas of computational language analysis. The vast quantity of electronically accessible natural language data provides unprecedented opportunities for data-intensive analysis of linguistic phenomena, which can in turn enrich computational methods. Linguistic Issues in Language Technology provides a forum for this work. In this volume, contributors offer new perspectives on semantic representations for textual inference.

Paperback. Etat : New. In this companion volume to Bricks and Mortar, Jeffrey Scarborough and Raymond Ravaglia present a series of essays written by senior instructors and division heads at the Stanford Online High School (SOHS). These essays discuss the challenges of teaching particular disciplines, accomplishing particular pedagogical objectives, and fostering the habits of mind characteristic of students who have received deep education in a given discipline. Perspectives from the Disciplines also examines how SOHS' student relationships are in many ways deeper and more intimate than those found in traditional secondary schools.

Paperback. Etat : New. In this book, renowned philosopher John Perry responds to criticisms of his influential writing on "the essential indexical." He begins by explaining the conclusions of his past articles. He then argues that many criticisms are based on confusions about the relation between the issues of opacity and cognitive significance, and other basic misunderstandings of his views. While dealing with criticisms, Perry makes a number of points about self-knowledge, the issue that motivated his original papers.

Paperback. Etat : New. The papers collected here focus on probabilistic causality, addressing topics such as the search for causal mechanisms, epistemic and metaphysical views of causality, Bayesian nets and causal dependence, and causation in the special sciences. Some papers stress the statistical analysis of probabilistic data; others address causal issues in physics, with an emphasis on physical processes that are also probabilistic-i.e., stochastic processes.

Paperback. Etat : New. How does a computer scientist understand infinity? What can probability theory teach us about free will? Can mathematical notions be used to enhance one's personal understanding of the Bible? This book contains six informal lectures by computer scientist Donald E. Knuth exploring the relationship between his vocation and his faith, revealing the unique perspective that his work with computing has lent to his understanding of God. Knuth's starting point is his 3:16 project, an application of mathematical "random sampling" to the books of the Bible. The first lectures tell the story of the project's conception and execution, exploring the complex dimensions of language translation, aesthetics, and theological history. Knuth also reveals the many insights that he has gained along the way from such interdisciplinary work. The theological musings culminate in a final lecture which tackles infinity, free will, and the other "big questions" that lie at the juncture of theology and computation. Each lecture ends with a question and answer exchange.

Paperback. Etat : New. This volume explores various problems in the syntax of Austronesian languages, which are found primarily in Malaysia and the Polynesian islands. Using the framework of constraint-based theories of syntax, contributors discuss the nature of these voice systems, the function of their verbal morphology, valence, verbal diathesis and transitivity in such languages, and the nature of their lexical categories. Each analysis is presented within the frameworks of lexical-functional grammar and head-driven phrase structure grammar.

Paperback. Etat : New. This anthology of essays from the inventor of literate programming is a survey of Donald Knuth's papers on computer science. Donald Knuth's influence in computer science ranges from the invention of literate programming to the development of the TeX programming language. One of the foremost figures in the field of mathematical sciences, his papers are widely referenced and stand as milestones of development over a wide range of topics. This collection focuses on Professor Knuth's published science papers that serve as accessible surveys of their subject matter. It includes articles on the history of computing, algorithms, numerical techniques, computational models, typesetting, and more. This book will be appreciated by students and researchers from a wide range of areas within computer science and mathematics.

Paperback. Etat : New. During the last few years, a new approach to linguistic analysis has started to emerge. This approach, which has come to be known under various labels such as 'data-oriented parsing', 'corpus-based interpretation' and 'treebank grammar', assumes that human language comprehension and production works with representations of concrete past language experiences rather than with abstract grammatical rules. It operates by decomposing the given representations into fragments and recomposing those pieces to analyze (infinitely many) new utterances. This book shows how this general approach can apply to various kinds of linguistic representations. Experiments with this approach suggest that the productive units of natural language cannot be defined by a minimal set of rules or principles, but need to be defined by a large, redundant set of previously experienced structures. Bod argues that this outcome has important consequences for linguistic theory, leading to an entirely new view of the nature of linguistic competence.

Paperback. Etat : New.

Paperback. Etat : New. This introduction is concerned with the semantics of natural languages. The text examines what issues semantics, as a theory of meaning, should address: determining what the meanings of words of the language are and how to semantically combine elements of a language to build up complex meanings. Logical languages are then developed as formal metalanguages to natural language. Subsequent chapters address propositional logic, the syntax and semantics of (first-order) predicate logic as an extension of propositional logic, and generalized quantifier theory. Going beyond extensional theory, de Swart relativizes the interpretation of expressions to times to account for verbal tense, time adverbials, and temporal connectives, and introduces possible worlds to modal intensions, modal adverbs, and modal auxiliaries.

Paperback. Etat : New. Self-deception is one of the topics that lends itself best to the task of exploring the possibilities of cross-fertilization between 'continental philosophy' and 'analytic philosophy'. Fifty years ago, in Being and Nothingness, Sartre defined the core notion of 'Bad Faith' as lying to oneself. On the other side of the Atlantic, self-deception has become one of the most exciting puzzles in the philosophy of mind, and a number of paradoxes encountered by the theory of rational choice involve that very same notion. One of the objectives is to show that bridges can be thrown over the gap between the two traditions, but also that both of them make self-deception too intrapsychic and suffer from a serious individualistic bias. The conference was intended to explore the intersubjective and social dimensions of self-deception.