lap lambert academic publishing feb 2024 (Plus de 1 200 résultats)

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The book serves as a comprehensive manual for mastering program management leadership within the realms of medical devices and healthcare in FDA and OUS environments. It intricately stitches together the fabric of strategic leadership, the intricacies of navigating the regulatory mazes, the groundwork for initiating impactful healthcare projects, the meticulous process of requirement analysis, the art and science behind design and development, the non-negotiable standards of quality assurance, the foresightedness required in risk management, the orchestration of supply chain logistics, and the criticality of exhaustive testing and verification protocols. At its core, the narrative champions the cultivation of a strategic vision, the art of resource orchestration, the power of stakeholder engagement, unwavering adherence to regulatory dictums, and an unyielding commitment to quality and compliance as the keystones for the successful realization of healthcare programs and the launch of groundbreaking medical devices. This book serves as a beacon for aspiring leaders looking to make a tangible impact in the world of healthcare and medical device innovation.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 84 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The monograph consists of 3 articles. In the monograph, boundary value problems for second order and higher order quasi-linear parabolic equations are studied in appropriate Sobolev spaces. The monograph has been prepared at the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics, Western Caspian University. I express my gratitude to corresponding member of ANAS, Bilal Bilalov and professor Farman Mammadov for their special advice in the preparation of the monograph.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 68 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -A web portal is a website that serves as a gateway or entry point to a variety of information, resources, and services. It typically provides users with a centralized access point to different websites, databases, and online tools.University libraries are libraries that are affiliated with universities or colleges. They provide resources and services to support the academic and research needs of students, faculty, and staff. University libraries often have extensive collections of books, journals, databases, and other materials that are relevant to the subjects taught at the institution. They also offer various services such as research assistance, inter library loan, and access to digital resources. A web portal serves as a centralized platform that provides users with access to a wide range of information, services, and resources. It acts as a gateway or entry point to various websites, applications, and tools, making it easier for users to navigate and find what they need. The specific services and features offered by a web portal can vary depending on its purpose and target audience.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 68 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -There is a need to develop new methods to synthesize nanoparticles. Interest in these products has led to concerns about the environmental safety of their production; Objective: Currently, nanoparticle production is often expensive and uses chemicals that have an impact on the environment and requires the development of ¿greener¿ protocols. Here, we describe the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using plant extracts, an alternative, effective, inexpensive and environmentally friendly method to create nanoparticle geometries. Method: phytochemicals present in the aqueous leaf extract act as powerful reducing agents. Produced AuNPs can be used in transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA); Results and Conclusion: The prepared nanoparticles have been shown to be biocompatible and exhibit no bacterial or antiviral activity, so they are considered safe for many applications in nano medicine.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Photometry and astrometry performed with charge coupled devices (CCDs) at the focal planes of large telescopes are indispensable tools of modern observational cosmology, astrophysics and astronomy. In the modern era of precision cosmology, variations in the sub-pixel sensitivity and spectral response of CCDs can affect the science yield of observations and must be characterized. Unfortunately, there have been very few studies to measure the sub-pixel response variations of CCDs, particularly in the context of observational cosmology. It is the aim of this study is to perform the first measurement of the photometric and astrometric fidelity of high-resistivity, p-channel CCDs. These devices have been selected for major upcoming observational cosmology missions such as the space-based Supernova Acceleration Probe satellite (SNAP) and the ground-based Dark Energy Survey. An experimental study has been performed to make detailed measurements of the intrapixel response variations of these devices at a precision exceeding 2%, which is the level of precision required for the missions.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 116 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Catch Your Kids in Time for Educating! A Practical Guide to Quality Education for Future Generations aims to educate individuals on the importance of quality education and becoming a lifelong learner. The author emphasizes the role of parents, teachers, and the community in this process and provides practical advice on how to attain this goal. The book uses simple language and up-to-date examples to make the content accessible to readers of all ages and education levels. Reading this book can help you gain a deeper understanding of the philosophy of Total Quality Management in Education and how it can be applied in practice. Overall, the book presents a valuable perspective on education and personal development.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 100 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Creative industries provide significant contributions to sustain economic development in both developed and developing countries. The film industry is one of the sub-sectors of the creative industries. Ethiopia is one of the first countries in the continent to experience film as a technology and an art form since its invention hundred years before. Since then the country has gone through different development stages that range from analogue to celluloid to digital.This book examines the Ethiopian film industry, beginning with the period of increased production following the collapse of the country¿s communist Derg regime in 1991. Focusing on the last three decades, the economic aspects of the movie industry in Ethiopia was analyzed in my work. It is aimed to examine the economic contribution of the film industry in Ethiopia and its potential for the future development of Ethiopia as well as to identify the key challenges that face the film industry not to play a significant role in the development of the Ethiopian economy, along with a way forward.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 88 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The disorder is defined as a disturbance in the performance of a physical or psychological function, which can manifest itself at the level of a device, an organ, or a tissue. According to the concern of the World Health Organization (WHO) in these reports from 2001 and 2022, shows that depression is the main cause of disability in the world and ranks 4th among the main causes of morbidity. The Director General of the WHO, Dr. Tedros Adhanon Ghebreyesus shows that after the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a terrible toll in terms of mental health. He expressed that the incidence rate of depression increased by 25% in the first year of the pandemic, when there were already nearly a billion people suffering from mental disorders. As a result, mental disorder is a human danger and its social and economic impact is enormous. This means that measures must be taken to care for and protect the victim suffering from a mental disorder.In ancient times, people with physical or mental disabilities were considered impure, cursed by the gods. Fortunately, since 1971, humanity has been aware that the mentally retarded are a full human being whose rights deserve to be protected.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The Vision-Med is an application that assists visually impaired individuals in identifying their medications and ensuring their safety by preventing the consumption of expired drugs. The threat of expired drugs is a significant concern for visually impaired individuals who have difficulty reading the expiry date and name of the medicine on pharmaceutical packaging. Visually challenged individuals may require the assistance of a third person to help them with their medication every time. Expired drugs can lose their potency and effectiveness, leading to adverse reactions and health complications. For visually impaired individuals, the inability to read the expiration date of the medication can lead to confusion and medication errors. This occurs when a person accidentally consumes an expired drug, potentially leading to adverse health effects. The cost of replacing expired medication can be substantial, placing additional financial hardship on patients. The Vision Med application provides audio feedback to the user about the name and expiration date of the medication, which leads to reducing the use of tablets that have expired.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Climate change is one kind of erratic behaviors and hazards of environmental consequence such as flood, flash flood, drought, heat & cold waves, cyclone, high and low tide, river bank erosion, salinity intrusion etc. A qualitative study approaches (FGD & KII) was performed from July-December, 2022 to explore the changes of vulnerable peoples¿ ecological migration perspective in disaster affected southern part of Bangladesh. Results: People usually move to the nearest town and peri-urban areas for seeking the job due to concurrent cyclone, storm surge, flood in the coastal areas. The effect of disasters causes recurrent saline water to increase the relocation of vulnerable peoples to consider livelihood exploration in alternative areas. This is a periodic trend of migration not permanent. Yet, several people normally staying in place temporarily are engaged in shrimp and crab fattening farming, small agri-business, extracting natural resources such as honey and wood collection from mangrove forest Sundarban, catching necessary fishes from the river. The respective fishermen who transform their fishing location seasonally and voluntarily.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -In our daily lives, we deal with some phenomena which, superficially and mistakenly, are considered completely destructive. One of such phenomena is ignorance. On account of various circumstances or situations, it is not only destructive. It is destructive and/or constructive. It constitutes a relieving and/or devastating phenomenon in moral, social, political, economic, religious, psychological and other domains. This situation is depicted in the following sections of this work: ignorance can stabilize some relationships; ignorance can protect the innocent; ignorance can shield moral principles or standards; the protection of churches¿ stability by ignorance; ignorance can stabilize families in terms of scandals, etc; ignorance can shield sects and related groups; arrogance and a sense of superiority can be bred and encouraged by ignorance; ignorance slows down female or women¿s dynamism and desire to progress or prosper; knowledge acquisition through written materials in libraries can be obstructed by ignorance; leadership can be damaged by ignorance; ignorance can destroy a country¿s image and future; ignorance can keep Christians in a blackout; etc.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Welcome to the illuminating world of ¿Click Catalyst: Understanding and Optimizing Online Search for Marketers'. This book serves as your compass through the ever-evolving terrain of digital marketing, providing a comprehensive exploration of strategies, insights, and emerging trends that define the contemporary marketing landscape. In the fast-paced realm where technology and consumer behaviour converge, our journey begins with an Introduction that sets the stage for a deep dive into the intricacies of digital marketing. We unravel the essence of online promotion, from its humble beginnings to the sophisticated methodologies employed by marketers today. This book is not just a guide; it's a roadmap crafted for both seasoned professionals looking to refine their strategies and newcomer¿s eager to navigate the digital landscape with confidence. Each chapter unfolds a new dimension, from understanding the fundamental principles in the introductory chapters to exploring advanced strategies and emerging technologies in subsequent sections.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 80 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The book ''Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Nigeria'' delves into the intricate relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in Nigeria. The book aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of how FDI influences Nigeria's economic growth trajectory. It starts by elucidating the concept of foreign direct investment, emphasizing its significance as a catalyst for economic development. It delineates various forms of FDI, such as greenfield investments, mergers and acquisitions and joint ventures, while also discussing the determinants and motivations behind FDI inflows. It further delves into Nigeria's historical experience with FDI, tracing its evolution from the colonial era to the present day. It examines key policies and events that have shaped Nigeria's attractiveness to foreign investors, as well as sectors that have traditionally received the most FDI. The book expounds on different economic growth models relevant to Nigeria's context, which includes endogenous growth theory, and the role of human capital accumulation. It discusses how FDI fits into these frameworks and its potential to augment domestic productivity and growth.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 80 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Environmental factors and the concept of the environment, nature and human activity are the main subject which is affiliated with ekosistemlarning and are associated with the storage and protection. These factors, the freedom of nature, biological diversity, ecological effect of resources include the basic understanding of fair use and the environment. The bark of the organism is the physiological environment any environment, physical, chemical and omillaming can and will show up with the other set. Science a different meaning in the concept of the environment means. These ecological, geographical, physical, philosophical, social and others.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Power electronics plays a pivotal role in modern electrical systems, enabling efficient energy conversion, control, and management across diverse applications. 'Advances in Power Electronics: Theory, Applications, and Future Perspectives' provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments, emerging trends, and future directions in the field of power electronics. The book covers fundamental principles, advanced control techniques, diverse applications, and discusses the implications of technological advancements on the future of power electronics. Key topics include power semiconductor devices, converter topologies, control strategies, renewable energy integration, electric vehicle technology, and emerging trends such as wide-bandgap devices and smart grid integration. Through case studies, practical examples, and insightful discussions, this book offers valuable insights for researchers, engineers, educators, and students interested in understanding the latest innovations and challenges in power electronics.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 68 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -By March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the feared sickness, COVID-19 a pandemic which required the close of global, public and regional boundaries (Mirzaei, McFarland, Karamouzian and Sharifi, 2020; Spinelli & Pellino, 2020). Millions of employers and employees had to telecommute (Work from Home (WFH)), although the COVID-19 hit hard on employees it could offer airay of hope for the over 25 million people with disabilities in Nigeria because it makes telecommuting a more acceptable and practical approach for business owners and employers (Lisa, Mason & Douglas, 2020; Thompson, 2020). This exploratory research utilised mixed method (qualitative and quantitative), a survey and secondary data was used together data, the quantitative data was then analysed using descriptive statistics. Study findings indicate that most of the disabled persons in Nigeria considers teleworking as a commodious working arrangement.The study concludes by stating that timely and appropriate accommodations such as teleworking can help employees who experience disabilities stay at work instead of avoiding the labour force, which is consistent with prior literature.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -This critical analysis followed an integrated approach, it starts with a contextual discussion of the broader development of Trait, Behavioural and Transformational leadership theories. Followed with a critical evaluation of the selected theories, next a discussion of the application of the critique theory and then the fit (or lack of fit) of theory with practice. The study also carried out a contextual discussion of the broader development Classical, Human Resources and Strategic Management theories. This was followed with a critical analysis of the selected theories and their application considering organization policies, procedures and culture. Next an evaluation of the fit (or lack of fit) between the selected management theories and practice was carried out. The author concludes by highlighting the silent points on the theory, practice and fit between theory and practice.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The aim of this book is to portray the importance of women in the society. This book gives an insight into the family society and the support the family unit will need. It also talks about the objectives of the family support programme that was introduced by the then first lady of Nigeria - Mrs. Maryann Abacha. This book outlines the objectives and the aims, which include but not limited to the following:-to promote policies, programmes that strengthen the observance and protection of human rights and dignity;-to promote decent health care delivery;-to eradicate negative social and cultural factors affecting women and children;-to assist families identify economically viable enterprise for income generation;-to provide technical and financial support for family implementation;-to help rural families increase their agricultural productivity;-to help family members learn more about the psychological dynamic of families;-to create, arouse and sustain the interest of government, the Nigerian people and the international community on the activities of the FSP;-to sensitize government on the need to provide adequate shelter for all Nigerians.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Since the return of multiparty politics in the Cameroonian political landscape in the 1990s, the people participate in elections to renew the mandate of their representatives both at the local and at the national level. The party in power the Cameroon People Democratic Movement (CPDM) has always come out with landslide victories in all the electoral consultations according to the official results from the electoral management bodies. However, the daily lives of the people are characterized by different forms of hardship ranging from socio-economic difficulties (unemployment, poverty, lack of basic social needs, and poor infrastructural development) to political challenges like corruption, bad governance, embezzlement of state funds and tribalism (greater autonomy in the two English speaking regions). This makes it difficult to corroborate the results of the elections and the daily lives claims of the people who continue to renew the mandate of the same representatives with the same political output. It is in this regard that we investigated on the motives behind the electoral results in Cameroon for the past 3 decades.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 68 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -This book aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various emerging technologies, their applications, and their impact on society. The rapid advancement of emerging technologies has sparked a paradigm shift in societal dynamics, unleashing a wave of innovation that reshapes industries and redefines human interaction. This abstract delves into the transformative impact of these technologies, exploring their evolution and the profound implications they bear on society. Through an interdisciplinary lens, it examines key trends in fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, blockchain, and quantum computing, elucidating their potential to revolutionize diverse sectors and disrupt traditional norms. As innovators push the boundaries of what is possible, this abstract seeks to navigate the complex interplay between technological progress and societal adaptation, offering insights into the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead in this era of unprecedented innovation.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The text tends to focus on aviation insurance and negligence of some of the airline operators in Nigeria. The incidence of plane crash and sometimes breach of passengers' right. It will look at statutes, judicial authorities and subsidiary legislation in the form of rules, guidelines and regulations. Also, it will go ahead to examine why some aviation companies in Nigeria took insurance policy abroad, which sometimes makes it difficult to enforce when there are air mishaps.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -This paper examines the aspects of inclusive leadership approaches for the provision of quality higher education at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The major problem informing the study was that leaders did not take into cognizance the importance of inclusive leadership in order to enhance the provision of quality higher education. In order to answer the research questions, the study used qualitative research design and in-depth interviews with Deans and Heads of schools; Academic Leaders, Operations Managers, and Administration staff. The findings reveal that inclusive leadership remains a serious challenge in higher education institutions due to various perceptions of the importance of inclusive leadership approaches with regard to the provision of quality higher education. The study concludes that leaders do not expand their efforts to identify exclusive approaches, practices, and behavior, and educate the workforce to foster inclusion in decision-making, as university becomes more diverse. Based on the findings and conclusion, the study recommends that UKZN leaders should effectively view inclusive leadership as a need to empower individuals.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Contracting parties of public construction contract can foresee how a type of uncertainty could be removed by agreeing a specific consequence for a breach. They can address this by incorporating, inter alia a ¿Liquidated Damages Clause¿ to that outcome. Liquidated damages is a fixed sum agreed by the parties in their contract as a value of the damages that one party can claim against the other, without the need to prove that sustained damage when they enter into contract. But, whether a liquidated damages is a contractual or legal remedy; whether a liquidated damages and penalty are similar and interchangeable or different in concept; can an employer seeks liquidation damages together with other available general remedies after canceling such contract; and who, contracting parties or a government, in agreement or by law, can figure out amount of liquidated damages and its calculation mechanism are unsolved conundrum in Ethiopian pertaining laws and its application in courts thereof.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Compacted expansive clays which are high in montmorillonite content also have a very low hydraulic conductivity. When expansive clays are blended with fly ash, an industrial waste, the hydraulic conductivity further reduces as the ash-clay blends result in increased dry densities at increased fly ash contents. Hence, fly ash- stabilised expansive clay can also be proposed as an innovative clay liner material. It is, therefore, required to study various physical and engineering properties of this new clay liner material. Liquid limit (LL) and free swell index (FSI) are important index properties to be studied in the case of this clay liner material. Laboratory experimental studies were performed on expansive clay-fly ash blends, which would be suggested as a new clay liner material. This monograph discusses LL and FSI determined using deionised water and CaCl2, NaCl, and KCl solutions of varying concentration at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% fly ash content in the blend.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 72 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Most of companies attempt to offer superior experience to their customers by giving online shopping experience. Customers tend to give their shopping experience through online comments and reviews. The purpose of this book was to gain a better understanding of The Impact of Electronic Word of Mouth on Consumer Purchase Intention in an Electronic Fashion Industry Based on a detailed literature review, a frame of reference was developed. This book will contribute to the academic literature by bridging the gap in knowledge and providing practical insights for the local electronic fashion industry.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -Harnessing the Wind: A Comprehensive Guide to Wind Energy Conversion Systems provides a thorough examination of wind energy technologies, their design principles, and their role in sustainable energy solutions. The first paragraph of the abstract introduces the scope and importance of the book, highlighting its comprehensive coverage of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) and their significance in the transition towards renewable energy. It emphasizes the book's aim to serve as a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, policymakers, and students seeking to understand and contribute to the advancement of wind energy technologies.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The world has a considerable seacoast area; many cities and towns and villages were established across the sea coast regions. Huge construction activates are taking place across the seacoast areas. Due to use of groundwater in these regions many buildings are affected with corrosion. In order to get potable water for mixing and curing of concrete in these regions, people have to buy potable water and its increase cost for construction. Hence, in this experimental work, an experimental investigation is disbursed on the removal of chlorides in groundwater by utilizing ordinary Portland cement square blocks. Cement square blocks, size of 50 x 50 x 10 mm, with water cement ratio 0.28 were cast with ordinary Portland cement. Results discovered that cement square blocks were cast with ordinary Portland cement has given good expulsion of chlorides in groundwater samples. And considerable impact on ions concentration that are a gift in groundwater. And regression analysis was carried out on experimental results. Results from regression analysis and laboratory experiment are compared. Regression analysis is perfectly fit for experimental results and R square values of all characteristics.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -This book underscores the importance of optimizing land use allocation by smallholder farmers in Mufindi district to maximize profit and ensure food security. The findings suggest that a balanced approach, integrating both food crop cultivation and tree plantation, can yield optimal results. Moreover, the study highlights the significance of various factors such as land size, awareness of land use policy, access to market information, and availability of labor in influencing land allocation decisions. Addressing these factors can enhance smallholder farmers' profitability and overall food security. The optimal land use strategy involves a multi-dimensional approach that integrates short-term food production with long-term income generation from timber trees.This approach not only maximizes profit but also improves household food security status over time. Therefore, policies and interventions aimed at supporting smallholder farmers should prioritize strategies that promote diversified and sustainable land use practices, thereby fostering both economic prosperity and food security at the household level.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 64 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. Neuware -The author would like to commence by building the argument on Ayn Rand¿s philosophy. Ayn Rand stated, 'How desperately the world needs prime movers and how viciously it treats them,' aiming to portray 'what happens to the world without them.' The author derives from her the concept of primary movers and articulates how women, in their own ways, serve as primary movers and have been treated viciously. There is immense hostility against the entire concept of womanhood. Women are often treated merely as tools for sex and reproduction, while men reap the benefits of their labor.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.