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Paperback. Etat : new. Paperback. ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS UNDERDOMESTICATION; AND ON THE PRINCIPLES OFSELECTIONThe most favourable conditions for variation seem to be when organic be-ings are bred for many generations under domestication{186}: one mayinfer this from the simple fact of the vast number of races and breeds ofalmost every plant and animal, which has long been domesticated. Undercertain conditions organic beings even during their individual lives becomeslightly altered from their usual form, size, or other characters: and manyof the peculiarities thus acquired are transmitted to their offspring. Thus inanimals, the size and vigour of body, fatness, period of maturity, habits ofbody or consensual movements, habits of mind and temper, are modified oracquired during the life of the individual{187}, and become inherited. Thereis reason to believe that when long exercise has given to certain muscles greatdevelopment, or disuse has lessened them, that such development is also in-herited. Food and climate will occasionally produce changes in the colourand texture of the external coverings of animals; and certain unknown con-3 CHARLES DARWINditions affect the horns of cattle in parts of Abyssinia; but whether these pe-culiarities, thus acquired during individual lives, have been inherited, I donot know. It appears certain that malconformation and lameness in horses, produced by too much work on hard roads, -that affections of the eyes inthis animal probably caused by bad ventilation, -that tendencies towardsmany diseases in man, such as gout, caused by the course of life and ulti-mately producing changes of structure, and that many other diseases pro-duced by unknown agencies, such as goitre, and the idiotcy resulting fromit, all become hereditary.{186} The cumulative effect of domestication is insisted on in the Origin, seee.g. Origin, Ed. i. p. 7, vi. p. 8.{187} This type of variation passes into what he describes as the direct effectof conditions. Since they are due to causes acting during the adult life of theorganism they might be called individual variations, but he uses this term forcongenital variations, e.g. the differences discoverable in plants raised fromseeds of the same pod (Origin, Ed. i. p. 45, vi. p. 53).It is very doubtful whether the flowers and leaf-buds, annually producedfrom the same bulb, root, or tree, can properly be considered as parts of thesame individual, though in some respects they certainly seem to be so. If theyare parts of an individual, plants also are subject to considerable changes dur-ing their individual lives. Most florist-flowers if neglected degenerate, thatis, they lose some of their characters; so common is this, that trueness is of-ten stated, as greatly enhancing the value of a variety{188}: tulips break theircolours only after some years' culture; some plants become double and oth-ers single, by neglect or care: these characters can be transmitted by cuttingsor grafts, and in some cases by true or seminal propagation. Occasionallya single bud on a plant assumes at once a new and widely different charac-ter: thus it is certain that nectarines have been produced on peach trees andmoss roses on provence roses; white currants on red currant bushes; flowersof a different colour from that of the stock, in Chrysanthemums, Dahlias, Explore the profound mechanisms of biological change as this seminal work investigates how domestic breeding and env Shipping may be from multiple locations in the US or from the UK, depending on stock availability.…

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Paperback. Etat : new. Paperback. ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS UNDERDOMESTICATION; AND ON THE PRINCIPLES OFSELECTIONThe most favourable conditions for variation seem to be when organic be-ings are bred for many generations under domestication{186}: one mayinfer this from the simple fact of the vast number of races and breeds ofalmost every plant and animal, which has long been domesticated. Undercertain conditions organic beings even during their individual lives becomeslightly altered from their usual form, size, or other characters: and manyof the peculiarities thus acquired are transmitted to their offspring. Thus inanimals, the size and vigour of body, fatness, period of maturity, habits ofbody or consensual movements, habits of mind and temper, are modified oracquired during the life of the individual{187}, and become inherited. Thereis reason to believe that when long exercise has given to certain muscles greatdevelopment, or disuse has lessened them, that such development is also in-herited. Food and climate will occasionally produce changes in the colourand texture of the external coverings of animals; and certain unknown con-3 CHARLES DARWINditions affect the horns of cattle in parts of Abyssinia; but whether these pe-culiarities, thus acquired during individual lives, have been inherited, I donot know. It appears certain that malconformation and lameness in horses, produced by too much work on hard roads, -that affections of the eyes inthis animal probably caused by bad ventilation, -that tendencies towardsmany diseases in man, such as gout, caused by the course of life and ulti-mately producing changes of structure, and that many other diseases pro-duced by unknown agencies, such as goitre, and the idiotcy resulting fromit, all become hereditary.{186} The cumulative effect of domestication is insisted on in the Origin, seee.g. Origin, Ed. i. p. 7, vi. p. 8.{187} This type of variation passes into what he describes as the direct effectof conditions. Since they are due to causes acting during the adult life of theorganism they might be called individual variations, but he uses this term forcongenital variations, e.g. the differences discoverable in plants raised fromseeds of the same pod (Origin, Ed. i. p. 45, vi. p. 53).It is very doubtful whether the flowers and leaf-buds, annually producedfrom the same bulb, root, or tree, can properly be considered as parts of thesame individual, though in some respects they certainly seem to be so. If theyare parts of an individual, plants also are subject to considerable changes dur-ing their individual lives. Most florist-flowers if neglected degenerate, thatis, they lose some of their characters; so common is this, that trueness is of-ten stated, as greatly enhancing the value of a variety{188}: tulips break theircolours only after some years' culture; some plants become double and oth-ers single, by neglect or care: these characters can be transmitted by cuttingsor grafts, and in some cases by true or seminal propagation. Occasionallya single bud on a plant assumes at once a new and widely different charac-ter: thus it is certain that nectarines have been produced on peach trees andmoss roses on provence roses; white currants on red currant bushes; flowersof a different colour from that of the stock, in Chrysanthemums, Dahlias, Explore the profound mechanisms of biological change as this seminal work investigates how domestic bre Shipping may be from our Sydney, NSW warehouse or from our UK or US warehouse, depending on stock availability.…

Paperback. Etat : new. Paperback. ON THE VARIATION OF ORGANIC BEINGS UNDERDOMESTICATION; AND ON THE PRINCIPLES OFSELECTIONThe most favourable conditions for variation seem to be when organic be-ings are bred for many generations under domestication{186}: one mayinfer this from the simple fact of the vast number of races and breeds ofalmost every plant and animal, which has long been domesticated. Undercertain conditions organic beings even during their individual lives becomeslightly altered from their usual form, size, or other characters: and manyof the peculiarities thus acquired are transmitted to their offspring. Thus inanimals, the size and vigour of body, fatness, period of maturity, habits ofbody or consensual movements, habits of mind and temper, are modified oracquired during the life of the individual{187}, and become inherited. Thereis reason to believe that when long exercise has given to certain muscles greatdevelopment, or disuse has lessened them, that such development is also in-herited. Food and climate will occasionally produce changes in the colourand texture of the external coverings of animals; and certain unknown con-3 CHARLES DARWINditions affect the horns of cattle in parts of Abyssinia; but whether these pe-culiarities, thus acquired during individual lives, have been inherited, I donot know. It appears certain that malconformation and lameness in horses, produced by too much work on hard roads, -that affections of the eyes inthis animal probably caused by bad ventilation, -that tendencies towardsmany diseases in man, such as gout, caused by the course of life and ulti-mately producing changes of structure, and that many other diseases pro-duced by unknown agencies, such as goitre, and the idiotcy resulting fromit, all become hereditary.{186} The cumulative effect of domestication is insisted on in the Origin, seee.g. Origin, Ed. i. p. 7, vi. p. 8.{187} This type of variation passes into what he describes as the direct effectof conditions. Since they are due to causes acting during the adult life of theorganism they might be called individual variations, but he uses this term forcongenital variations, e.g. the differences discoverable in plants raised fromseeds of the same pod (Origin, Ed. i. p. 45, vi. p. 53).It is very doubtful whether the flowers and leaf-buds, annually producedfrom the same bulb, root, or tree, can properly be considered as parts of thesame individual, though in some respects they certainly seem to be so. If theyare parts of an individual, plants also are subject to considerable changes dur-ing their individual lives. Most florist-flowers if neglected degenerate, thatis, they lose some of their characters; so common is this, that trueness is of-ten stated, as greatly enhancing the value of a variety{188}: tulips break theircolours only after some years' culture; some plants become double and oth-ers single, by neglect or care: these characters can be transmitted by cuttingsor grafts, and in some cases by true or seminal propagation. Occasionallya single bud on a plant assumes at once a new and widely different charac-ter: thus it is certain that nectarines have been produced on peach trees andmoss roses on provence roses; white currants on red currant bushes; flowersof a different colour from that of the stock, in Chrysanthemums, Dahlias, Explore the profound mechanisms of biological change as this seminal work investigates how domestic bre Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.…

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Taschenbuch. Etat : Neu. The Foundations of the Origin of Species | Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844 | Charles Darwin | Taschenbuch | Englisch | 2026 | Danyel | EAN 9798182726788 | Verantwortliche Person für die EU: Libri GmbH, Europaallee 1, 36244 Bad Hersfeld, gpsr[at]libri[dot]de | Anbieter: preigu Print on Demand. …